Protist References

Abé, T.H. (1967), The armoured dinoflagellata: II. Prorocentridae and Dinophysidae (A), Publ. Seto Mar. Lab. 15: 37–78.

Aescht, E. & Foissner, W. (1992), Biology of a high-rate activated sludge plant of a pharmaceutical company, Arch. Hydrobiol., Suppl. 90: 207–251.

Agamaliev, F.G. (1971), Complements to the fauna of psammophilic ciliates of the western coast of the Caspian Sea, Acta Protozool. 8: 379–406.

Agamaliev, F.G. (1976), Planctonic and periphytonic Ciliophora in the eastern part of the middle Caspian, Izvest. Akad. Nauk A.S.S.R. 4: 90–94.

Agamaliev, F.G. (1983), The Infusoria of the Caspian Sea. Taxonomy, Ecology, Zoogeography. (Nauka, Leningrad). 232 pp.

Agardh, C.A. (1824), Systema Algarum. (Berling, Lund). xxxvii, 312 pp.

Agardh, C.A. (1832), Conspectus Criticus Diatomacearum. Vol. 4. (Berling, Lund). pp. 49–66.

Agatha, S. & Riedel-Lorjé, J.C. (1998), Morphology, infraciliature, and ecology of some strobilidiine ciliates (Ciliophora, Oligotrichea) from coastal brackish water basins of Germany, Eur. J. Protistol. 34: 10–17.

Agatha, S., Spindler, M. & Wilbert, N. (1993), Ciliated protozoa (Ciliophora) from Arctic sea ice, Acta Protozool. 32: 261–268.

Agatha, S., Wilbert, N., Spindler, M. & Elbrächter, M. (1990), Euplotide ciliates in sea ice of the Weddell Sea (Antarctica), Acta Protozool. 29: 221–228.

Albergoni, V., Cassini, A., Coppellotti, O., Favero, N., Irato, P., Piccinni, E. & Santovito, G. (2000), Physiological responses to heavy metals and adaptation to increased oxygen partial pressure in Antarctic fish and protozoa, Ital. J. Zool., Suppl. 1: 1–11.

Alder, V.A. (1999), Tintinnoinea. In Boltovskoy, D. (ed.), South Atlantic Zooplankton. (Backhuys, Leiden). pp. 321–384.

Alder, V.A. & Boltovskoy, D. (1991a), Microplanktonic distributional patterns west of the Antarctic Peninsula, with special emphasis on the tintinnids, Polar Biol. 11: 103–112.

Alder, V.A. & Boltovskoy, D. (1991b), The ecology and biogeography of tintinnid ciliates in the Atlantic sector of the Southern Ocean, Mar. Chem. 35: 337–346.

Alder, V.A. & Thompson, G.A. (2000), Spatial and temporal distribution of tintinnids (Protozoa, Ciliata) in relation to frontal systems and the general hydrologic dynamics of the Southern Ocean (SW Atlantic sector; 50–64°S, 65–49°W). In Davison, W., Howard-Williams, C. & Broady, P. (eds), Antarctic Ecosystems: Models for Wider Ecological Understanding. (New Zealand Natural Sciences, Christchurch). pp. 203–214.

Alekperov, I.H. & Mamaeva, N.V. (1992), Planktonic infusoria from the Chuckchee and the Bering Seas, Zool. Zurn. S.S.S.R. 71: 5–14.

Allgén, C.[A.] (1949), Über zwei neue subantarktische Suctorien, Ark. Zool. 42: 1–6.

Allgén, C.[A.] (1952), Über zwei neue antarktische Suctorien aus dem Graham Land, Kongel. Fysiogr. Sallsk. Lund Förhandl. 21: 173–176.

Allgén, C.A. (1955), Die Suctorien der schwedischen Südpolar-Expedition (1901–1903), Zool. Anz. 154: 36–48.

Al-Rasheid, K.A.S. (1997), Records of free-living ciliates in Saudi Arabia. III. Marine interstitial ciliates of the Arabian Gulf island of Tarut, Arab. Gulf J. Sci. Res. 15: 733–766.

Al-Rasheid, K.A.S. (2000), Some marine interstitial Prostomatida and Haptorida (Ciliata) from the Jubail Marine Wildlife Sanctuary on the Saudi Arabian Gulf shore, Fauna Arabia 18: 5–22.

Anderson, P. (1988), Functional biology of the choanoflagellate Diaphanoeca grandis Ellis, Mar. Microbial Food Webs 3: 35–50.

Andreoli, C., Tolomio, C., Moro, I., Radice, M., Moschin, E. & Bellato, S. (1995), Diatoms and dinoflagellates in Terra Nova Bay (Ross Sea – Antarctica) during austral summer 1990, Polar Biol. 15: 465–475.

Andrews, E.A. (1942), Parafolliculina violacea (Giard) at Woods Hole, Biol. Bull. 83: 91–96.

Andruleit, H. & Baumman, K.H. (1998), History of the Last Deglaciation and Holocene in the Nordic Seas as revealed by coccolithophore assemblages, Mar. Micropaleontol. 35: 179–201.

Archer, S.D., Leakey, R.[J.G.], Burkill, P.H. & Sleigh, M.A. (1996a), Microbial dynamics in coastal waters of East Antarctica: herbivory by heterotrophic dinoflagellates, Mar. Ecol. Progr. Ser. 139: 239–255.

Archer, S.D., Leakey, R.J.G., Burkill, P.H., Sleigh, M.A. & Appleby, C.J. (1996b), Microbial  ecology of sea ice at a coastal Antarctic site: community composition, biomass and temporal change, Mar. Ecol. Progr. Ser. 135: 179–195.

Archer, W. (1869), On some freshwater Rhizopoda, new or little known, Quart. J. Microscop. Sci., n.ser., 9: 250–271, 386–397.

Armand, L.K. & Zielinski, U. (2001), Diatom species of the genus Rhizosolenia from Southern Ocean sediments: distribution and taxonomic notes, Diatom Res. 16: 259–294.

Azpeitia Moros, F. (1911), La Diatomologia Española en los Comienzos del Siglo XX. Asociación Española para el Progreso de las Ciencias. Congreso de Zaragoza 4: pp. 320, 12 pl.

Bailey, J.W. (1842), A sketch of the infusoria of the family Bacillaria, etc., Amer. J. Sci. Arts 42: 88–105.

Bailey, J.W. (1850), Microscopical observations made in South Carolina, Georgia and Florida, Smithsonian Contr. Knowl. 2: 1–48, pl. 1–3.

Baker, A.D. (1954), The circumpolar continuity of Antarctic plankton species, Discovery Rep. 27: 201–218.

Balech, E. (1944), Contibución al conocimiento del plancton de Lennox y Cabo de Hornos, Physis 19: 423–446.

Balech, E. (1947), Contribución al conocimiento del plancton antártico. Plancton del Mar de Bellingshausen, Physis 20: 75–91.

Balech, E. (1948), Tintinnoinea de Atlantída (Protozoa Ciliata Oligotr.), Com. Mus. Argent. Cienc. Nat. (Zool.) 7: 1–23.

Balech, E. (1958a), Plancton de la Campaña Antártica Argentina 1954–1955, Physis 21: 75–108.

Balech, E. (1958b), Dinoflagellés et Tintinnides de la Terre Adélie, Secteur Français Antarctique, Vie et Milieu 8: 382–408.

Balech, E. (1959), Tintinnoinea del Mediterraneo, Trab. Inst. Esp. Oceanogr. 28: 1–88.

Balech, E. (1962a), Tintinnoinea y Dinoflagellata del Pacifico, Revta Mus. Argent. Cienc. Nat. “Bernardino Rivadavia” (Zool.) 7: 1–253.

Balech, E. (1962b), Plancton de las campañas oceanograficas Drake I y II, Serv. Hidrogr. Naval Argent. H. 627: 5–57.

Balech, E. (1967a), Dinoflagelados nuevos o interessantes del Golfo de Mexico y Caribe, Revta Mus. Argent. Cienc. Nat. “Bernardino Rivadavia” (Hidrobiol.) 2: 77–126.

Balech, E. (1967b), Fitoplancton de la Campaña Convergencia 1973, Physis, Secc. A 35: 47–58.

Balech, E. (1968), Dinoflagellates. In Balech, E., El-Sayed, S.Z., Hasle, G.R., Neushel, M. & Zanefeld, J.S. (eds), Primary Productivity and Benthic Marine Algae of the Antarctic and Subantarctic, Antarctic Map Folio Ser. 10: 8–9, pl. 11–12.

Balech, E. (1971), Microplancton de la campaña oceanografica Productividad III, Revta Mus. Argent. Cienc. Nat. “Bernardino Rivadavia” (Hidrobiol.) 3: 1–202.

Balech, E. (1973), Segunda contribución al conocimiento del microplancton del Mar de Bellingshausen, Contr. Inst. Antárc. Argent. 107: 1–63.

Balech, E. (1974), El género Protoperidinium Bergh, 1881 (Peridinium Ehr., 1831, partim.), Revta Mus. Argent. Cienc. Nat. “Bernardino Rivadavia” (Hidrobiol.) 4: 1–79.

Balech, E. (1975), La distribución de algunos microplancteres en el Atlántico sudoeste, Biol. Serv. Hidrogr. Naval 12: 15–24.

Balech, E. (1976), Clave Ilustrada de Dinoflagellados Antárcticos. (Instituto Antárctico Argentino, Buenos Aires). 99 pp.

Balech, E. (1988), Los dinoflagelados del Atlántico Sudoccidental, Public. Espec. Inst. Esp. Oceanogr. 1: 1–310.

Balech, E. (1995), The Genus Alexandrium Halim (Dinoflagellata). (Sherkin Island Press, Sherkin Island). 151 pp.

Balech, E. & El-Sayed, S.Z. (1965), Microplankton of the Weddell Sea, Antarc. Res. Ser. 5: 107–124.

Bardele, C. (1975), The fine structure of the centrohelidan heliozoan Heterophrys marina, Cell Tissue Res. 161: 85–102.

Barlow, S. & Cattolico, R. (1980), Fine structure of the scale-covered green flagellate Mantoniella squamata (Manton et Parke) Desikachary, Brit. Phycol. J. 15: 321–333.

Barria de Cao, M.S. (1987), Tintinnina (Protozoa, Ciliata) de la zona antárctica Argentina, Prim. Symp. Español de Estud. Antárc. 275–284.

Baumann, K.-H. & Matthiessen, J. (1992), Variations in surface water mass conditions in the Norwegian Sea: Evidence from Holocene coccolith and dinoflagellate cysts, Mar. Micropaleontol. 20: 129–146.

Baumann, K.-H., Andruleit, H., Böckell, B., Geisen, M. & Kinkel, H. (In press), The significance of extant coccolithophores as indicators of ocean water masses, surface water temperature, and paleoproductivity: a review, Palaeontol. Zeitschr., special issue.

Baumann, M., Lancelot, C., Brandini, F., Sakshaug, E. & John, D. (1994), The taxonomic identity of the cosmopolitan prymnesiophyte Phaeocystis: a morphological and ecophysiol-ogical approach, J. Mar. Systems 5: 5–22.

Belkin, I.M. & Gordon, A.L. (1996), Southern Ocean fronts from the Greenwich Meridian to Tasmania, J. Geophysical Res. 101(C2): 3675–3696.

Berger, J. (1965), The infraciliary morphology of Euplotes tuffraui n. sp., a commensal in strongylocentrotid echinoids, with comments on echinophilous populations of Euplotes balteatus (Dujardin) (Ciliata: Hypotrichida), Protistologica 1: 17–31.

Berger, W.H. (1973a), Deep-sea carbonates: evidence for a coccolith lysocline, Deep-Sea Res. 20: 917–921.

Berger, W.H. (1973b), Deep-sea carbonates: Pleistocene dissolution cycle, J. Foram. Res. 3: 187–195.

Bergh, R. (1882), Der Organismus der Cilioflagellaten, Morphol. Jahrb. 7: 177–288.

Biernacka, I. (1963), Die Protozoenfauna in Danziger Bucht. II. Die Charakteristik der Protozoen in untersuchten Biotopen der Seeküste, Polskie Archwm Hydrobiol. 11: 17–75.

Billard, C. (1994), Life cycles. In Green, J.C. & Leadbeater, B.S.C. (eds), The Haptophyte Algae. (The Systematics Association Special Volume No. 51, Clarendon Press, Oxford). pp. 167–186.

Bird, D. & Karl, D. (1991), Massive prasinophyte bloom in northern Gerlache Strait, Antarctic J. U.S. 26: 152–154.

Bjørnsen, P. & Kuparinen, J. (1991), Growth and herbivory by heterotrophic dinoflagellates in the Southern Ocean studied by microcosm experiments, Mar. Biol. 109: 397–405.

Black, M. (1971), The systematics of coccoliths in relation to the palaeontological record. In Funnell, B.M. & Riedel, W.R. (eds), The Micropalaeontology of the Oceans. (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge). pp. 611–624.

Blow, W.H. (1969), Late middle Eocene to recent planktonic foraminiferal biostratigraphy. In Brill, L.E.J. (ed.), First International Conference on Planktonic Microfossils. (Thieme Medical Publishers, Geneva). pp. 199–422.

Boden, B.P. (1985), The South African SIBEX I cruise to the Prydz Bay region, 1984: VIII. The plankton encountered during the survey, S. African J. Antarc. Res. 15: 1–58.

Böhm, A. (1933), Zur Kenntnis der antarktischen Dinophysiaceae, Intern. Rev. Jena 29: 15–16.

Bollman, J. (1997), Morphology and biogeography of Gephyrocapsa coccoliths in Holocene sediments, Mar. Micropaleontol. 29: 319–350.

Bollman, J., Wortmann, U., Cortés, M., Schumaker, B. & Thierstein, H.-R. (1999), The Electronic Microfossil Image Database System (EMIDAS). http://www.emidas.ethz.ch/

Boltovskoy, D. & Alder, V.A. (1992), Microzooplankton and tintinnid species-specific assemblage structures: patterns of distribution and year-to-year variations in the Weddell Sea (Antarctica), J. Plankton Res. 14: 1405–1423.

Boltovskoy, D., Alder, V.A. & Spinelli, F. (1989), Summer Weddell Sea microplankton: assemblage structure, distribution and abundance, with special emphasis on the Tintinnina, Polar Biol. 9: 447–456.

Boney, A. (1970), Scale-bearing phytoflagellates, Ann. Rev. Oceanogr. Mar. Biol. 8: 251–305.

Booth, B.[C.] & Marchant, H.[J.] (1987), Parmales, a new order of marine Chrysophytes, with descriptions of three new genera and seven new species, J. Phycol. 23: 245–260.

Booth, B.C. & Marchant, H.J. (1988), Triparmaceae, a substitute name for a family in the order Parmales (Chrysophyceae), J. Phycol. 24: 124.

Booth, B.C., Lewin, J.[C.] & Norris, R.E. (1980), Siliceous nanoplankton I. Newly discovered cysts from the Gulf of Alaska, Mar. Biol. 58: 205–209.

Booth, B.C., Lewin, J.[C.] & Norris, R.E. (1981), Silicified cysts in North Pacific nanoplankton, Biolog. Oceanogr. 1: 57–80.

Booth, B.[C.], Lewin, J.C. & Norris, R.[E.] (1982), Nanoplanktonic species predominate in the sub-Arctic Pacific in May and June 1978, Deep-Sea Res. 29: 185–200.

Borror, A.C. (1963), Morphology and ecology of the benthic ciliated protozoa of Alligator Harbor, Florida, Arch. Protistenk. 106: 465–534.

Borror, A.C. (1965), New and little known tidal marsh ciliates, Trans. Amer. Microscop. Soc. 84: 550–565.

Borror, A.C. (1972), Tidal marsh ciliates (Protozoa): morphology, ecology, systematics, Acta Protozool. 10: 29–72.

Boudreaux, J.E. & Hay, W.W. (1969), Calcareous nannoplankton and biostratigraphy of the late Pliocene-Pleistocene-Recent sediments in the submarex cores, Revista Esp. Micropaleontol. 1: 249–292.

Bown, P.R. & Young, J.R. (1998), Introduction. In Bown, P.R. (ed), Calcareous Nannofossil Biostratigraphy. (Chapman and Hall, London). pp. 1–10.

Bown, P.[R.], Lees, J.A. & Young, J.R. (2004), Calcareous nannoplankton evolution and diversity through time. In Thierstein, H.A. & Young, J.R. (eds). Coccolithophores – From Molecular Processes to Global Impact. (Springer, Berlin). pp. 481–508.

Bowser, S.S., Marko, M. & Bernhard, J.M. (1996), Occurrence of Gromia oviformis in McMurdo Sound, Antarc. J. U.S. 31: 122–124.

Boyer, C.S. (1901), The biddulphoid forms of North American Diatomaceae, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 1900, 52: 685–748.

Boyer, C.S. (1926–27), Synopsis of North American Diatomaceae, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 78 (1926 Supplement): 1–228.

Braarud, T. (1935), The øst Expedition to the Denmark Strait. The phytoplankton and its condition of growth, Hvalrådets Skr. 10: 1–173.

Brady, H. (1881), On some Arctic foraminifera from soundings obtained on the Austro-Hungarian North-Polar Expedition of 1870–1874, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 5, 8: 393–418.

Brady, H. (1884), Report on the foraminifera dredged by H.M.S. Challenger during the years 1873–1876, Challenger Exped. Rep. Zool. 9: 1–184.

Brand, L.E. (1994), Physiological ecology of marine coccolithophores. In Winter, A. & Siesser, W.G. (eds), Coccolithophores. (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge). pp. 39–50.

Brandini, F. (1993), Phytoplankton biomass in an Antarctic coastal environment during stable water conditions – implications for the iron limitation theory, Mar. Ecol. Progr. Ser. 93: 267–275.

Brandt, K. (1906), Die Tintinnodeen der Plankton-Expedition. Tafelerklärungen nebst kurzer Diagnose der neuen Arten. In Hensen, V. (ed.), Ergebnisse der Plankton-Expedition der Humboldt-Stiftung. (Lipsius & Tischer, Kiel). pp. 1–33.

Brandt, K. (1907), Die Tintinnodeen der Plankton-Expedition. Systematischer Teil. In Hensen, V. (ed.), Ergebnisse der Plankton-Expedition der Humboldt-Stiftung. (Lipsius & Tischer, Kiel). pp. 1–488.

Brandt, S.M. & Sleigh, M.A. (2000), The quantitative occurrence of different taxa of heterotrophic flagellates in Southampton Water, U.K., Estuarine Coastal & Shelf Sci. 51: 91–102.

Brébisson, A. de (1857), Description de quelques nouvelles diatomées observées dans le guano du Pérou, et formant genre Spatangidium, Bull. Soc. Linn. Normandie 3: 292–258.

Brébisson, A. de & Godey, A. (1838), Consideration sur les Diatomes et Essai d‘une Classification des Genres et Espèces appartenant à cette Famille. (Imprimérie de Brée l‘Ainé, Falaise). 22 pp.

Bréhéret, J.G. (1978), Formes nouvelles quaternaires et actuelles de la famille des Gephyrocapsaceae (Coccolithophorides), Compt. Rend. Hebd. Séances Acad. Sci., sér. D, 287: 447–449.

Brett, S. & Wetherbee, R. (1986), A comparative study of periplast structure in Cryptomonas cryophila and C. ovata (Cryptophyceae), Protoplasma 131: 23–31.

Brightwell, T. (1853), On the genus Triceratium, with descriptions and figures of the species, Quart. J. Microscop. Soc. 1: 245–252.

Brightwell, T. (1856), On the filamentous, long horned Diatomacae, with a description of two new species, Quart. J. Microscop. Sci. 4: 105–109.

Brightwell, T. (1858), Remarks on the genus Rhizosolenia of Ehrenberg, Quart. J. Microscop. Soc. 6: 93–95.

Brown, N.E. (1920), New and old diatoms from the Antarctic Regions, Engl. Mechanic World Sci. 111: 232–233.

Brun, J. (1891), Diatomées espèces nouvelles marine, fossiles ou pélagiques, Mém. Soc. Phys. Hist. Nat. Genève 31: 1–47, pl. 11–22.

Buck, K.R. (1980), Morphology and distribution of the Acanthoecidae (Choanoflagellata) from the Weddell Sea during the austral summer 1977, Cold Regions Res. Engin. Labs Rep. 80: 1–26.

Buck, K.R. (1981), A study of choanoflagellates (Acanthoecidae) from the Weddell Sea including a description of Diaphanoeca multiannulata n. sp., J. Protozool. 28: 47–54.

Buck, K.R. & Garrison, D.L. (1983), Protists from the ice-edge region of the Weddell Sea, Deep-Sea Res. 30: 1261–1277.

Buck, K.R. & Garrison, D.L. (1988), Distribution and abundance of choanoflagellates (Acanthoecidae) across the ice-edge zone in the Weddell Sea, Antarctica, Mar. Biol. 98: 263–269.

Buck, K.[R.], Marchant, H.J., Thomsen, H. & Garrison, D.[L.] (1990), Kakoeca antarctica gen. et sp. nov., a loricate choanoflagellate (Acanthoecidae, Choanoflagellida) from Antarctic sea ice with a unique protoplast suspensory membrane, Zool. Scr. 19: 389–394.

Buck, K.R., Bolt, P.A. Bentham, W.N. & Garrison, D.L. (1992), Dinoflagellate cysts associated with Antarctic sea ice communities, J. Phycol. 28: 15–18.

Buddenbrock, W. von (1920), Beobachtungen über einige neue oder wenig bekannte marine Infusorien, Arch. Protistenk. 41: 341–364.

Bullington, W.E. (1940), Some ciliates from Tortugas, Pap. Tortugas Lab. 32: 179–221.

Bunt, J.S. (1961), Introductory studies: Hydrology and plankton, Mawson, ANARE Rep., Ser. B, 3: 1–135.

Bunt, J.S. & Wood, E.J.F. (1963), Microalgae and Antarctic sea ice, Nature 199: 254–255.

Burkovsky, I.V. (1976), New data on Tintinnida (Ciliata) of Arctic, and revision of fauna, Zool. Zurn. S.S.S.R. 55: 325–336.

Burkovsky, I.V., Zamyshlyak, E.A. & Poskryakova, N.P. (1974), Tintinnidae (Ciliata) of the White Sea, revision of the fauna, Zool. Zurn. S.S.S.R. 53: 1757–1766.

Bursa, A. (1959), The genus Prorocentrum Ehrenberg. Morphodynamics, protoplasmic structures and taxonomy, Canad. J. Bot. 37: 1–31.

Bursa, A. (1964), Kofoidinium arcticum, a new dinoflagellate, Phycologia 4: 8–14.

Busch, W. (1930), Ueber marine Strombidium-Arten aus der Antarctischen allgemeinen Ostströmung, Abh. Mus. Nat. Heimatk. Madgeburg 6: 83–87.

Butcher, R.W. (1967), An introductory account on the smaller algae of British coastal waters. IV. Cryptophyceae, Fish. Investig. London Ser. 4: 1–54.

Bütschli, O. (1873), Einiges über Infusorien, Arch. Microskop. 9: 657–678, pl. 25–26.

Bütschli, O. (1889), Protozoa. III. Abt. Infusoria und System der Radiolaria. In Bronn, H.G. (ed.), Klassen und Ordnungen des Thier-Reichs, Wissenschaftlich Dargestellt in Wort und Bild. (Winter, Leipzig). pp. 1585–2035.

Cachon-Enjumet, M. (1961), Contribution à l‘étude des radiolaires phaeodaires, Archs Zool. Exp. Gén. 100: 151–238.

Calkins, G.N. (1902), Marine protozoa from Woods Hole, Bull. U.S. Fish Comm. 21 (1901): 413–468.

Cardinal, A., Poulin, M. & Bérard-Therriault, L. (1984), Les diatomées benthiques des substrats durs des eaux marines et sâumatres du Québec 4. Naviculales, Naviculaceae (à l‘exclusion des genres Navicula, Donkinia, Gyrosigma et Pleurosigma), Naturaliste Canad. (Rév. Écol. Syst.) 111: 369–394.

Cariou, V., Casotti, R., Birrien, J.-L. & Vaulot, D. (1994), The initiation of Phaeocystis colonies, J. Plankton Res. 16: 457–470.

Carlson, G.W.F. (1913), Süsswasseralgen aus der Antarktis, Südgeorgien und den Falkland Inseln, Wiss. Regeb. Schwed. Sudpolar-Exped. 1901–1903, Bot., 4: 1–94.

Carter, H.J. (1863), On a freshwater species of Echinocystidia, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. 12: 263–264.

Cassie, V. (1963), Distribution of surface phytoplankton between New Zealand and Antarctica, December 1957, Trans-Antarctic Exped. 1955–1958, Sci. Rep. 7: 1–10.

Cassini, A.H.-G. de (1817), Cassini on Compositae II, Bull. Sci. Soc. Philomat. Paris. pp. 1–190 [Reprinted Missouri Botanical Garden Press, 1995, Monogr. Syst. Bot. 54: 1–190].

Castracane, A.F. (1886), Report on the Diatomaceae collected by H.M.S. Challenger during the years 1873–1876, Rep. Sci. Res. Voy. H.M.S.Challenger 1873–1876, Bot., 2: 1–178, 130 pl.

Cavalier-Smith, T. (1998), A revised six-kingdom system of life, Biol. Rev. 73: 203.

Chalmers, M.O., Harper, M.A. & Marshall, W.A. (1996), An Illustrated Catalogue of Airborne Microbiota from the Maritime Antarctic. (British Antarctic Survey, Cambridge). 182 pp.

Chang, F. (1984), The ultrastructure of Phaeocystis pouchetii (Prymnesiophyceae) vegetative colonies with special reference to the production of new mucilaginous envelope, New Zealand J. Mar. Freshw. Res. 18: 303–308.

Chrétiennot-Dinet, M.-J. (1990), Atlas du Phytoplancton Marin. Vol. III: Chlorarachniophycées, Chlorophycées, Chrysophycées, Cryptophycées, Euglenophycées, Eustigmatophycées, Prasinophycées, Prymnesiophycées, Rhodophycées, Tribophycées. (Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Paris). pp. 1–261.

Claparède, E. & Lachmann, J. (1858), Études sur les infusoires et les rhizopodes, Mém. Inst. Natn. Genève 5 (1857): 1–260.

Claparède, E. & Lachmann, J. (1859), Études sur les infusoires et les rhizopodes, Mém. Inst. Natn. Genève 6 (1858): 261–482.

Cleve, P.T. (1868), Diatomaceer från Spetsbergen, Öfvers. Förh. Kongl. Svensk. Vetensk.-Akad. 1867, 24: 661–670, pl. 23.

Cleve, P.T. (1873), Examination of diatoms found on the surface of the Sea of Java, Bih. Kongl. Svenska Vetensk.-Akad. Handl. 1(2): 1–13, pl. 1–3.

Cleve, P.T. (1881), On some new and little known diatoms, Kongl. Svenska Vetensk.-Akad. Handl. 18(5): 1–28, pl. 1–6.

Cleve, P.T. (1883), On some diatoms collected during the expedition of the “Vega”, Vega-Exped. Vetenskap. Iakttagel. 3: 455–517.

Cleve, P.T. (1889), Pelagisk diatoméer från Kattegat, Det Videnskabelige Udbytte af Kanonbaaden “Hauchs” Togter i de Danske Have Indenfor Skagen I Aarene 1883–86: 53–56.

Cleve, P.T. (1894), Redogörelse för de svenska hydrografiska undersökningarne åren 1893–1894. II. Planktonundersökningar. Cilicoflagellater och Diatomeer, Bih. Kongl. Svenska Vetensk.-Akad. Handl. 20(3/2): 1–16, pl. 1–2.

Cleve, P.T. (1894–95), Synopsis of naviculoid diatoms, Kongl. Svenska Vetensk.-Akad. Handl. 26: 1–194, pl. 1–5 (part I, 1894); 27: 1–219, pl. 1–4 (part II, 1895).

Cleve, P.T. (1896), Diatoms from Baffin Bay and Davis Strait, Bih. Kongl. Svenska Vetensk.-Akad. Handl. 22(3/4): 1–22, pl. 1–2.

Cleve, P.T. (1897), Report on the phytoplankton collected on the expedition of H.M.S. “Research” 1896, Fifteenth Ann. Rep. Fish. Board Scotland 3: 296–304.

Cleve, P.T. (1899), Plankton collected by the Swedish Expedition to Spitzbergen in 1898, Kongl. Svenska Vetensk. Acad. Handl. 32: 1–12, pl. 11.

Cleve, P.T. (1900a), Some Atlantic Tintinnodea, Öfvers. Förh. Kongl. Svensk. Vetensk.-Akad. 56 (1899): 969–975.

Cleve, P.T. (1900b), Notes on some Atlantic plankton organisms, Kongl. Svenska Vetensk. Acad. Handl. 34: 1–22.

Cleve, P.T. (1901), Plankton from the southern Atlantic and the southern Indian Ocean, Öfvers. Förh. Kongl. Svensk. Vetensk.-Akad. 57 (1900): 919–938.

Cleve, P.T. (1904), Plankton table for the North Sea. Bulletin, Part D, May 1904. Conseil Permanent pour l‘Exploration de la Mer, Bulletin des Résultats aquit pendant les course périodiques 1903–1904: 216.

Cleve, P.T. & Grunow, A. (1880), Beiträge zur Kenntnis der arctischen Diatomeen, Kongl. Svenska Vetensk. Acad. Handl. 17: 1–121.

Cleve, P.T. & Möller, J.D. (eds) (1878), Diatoms (Exsiccatae). Part 3, Slide Nos. 109–168. (Uppsala).

Cleve, P.T. & Möller, J.D. (eds) (1879), Diatoms (Exsiccatae). Part 4, Slide Nos 169–216. (Uppsala).

Cleve, P.T. & Möller, J.D. (eds) (1882), Diatoms (Exsiccatae). Part 6, Slide Nos 277–324. (Uppsala).

Cleve-Euler, A. (1942), Coscinodisci et Thalassiosirae fenno-sueciae, Krit. Übersicht Bot. Not. 95: 231–278.

Cleve-Euler, A. (1951–55), Die Diatoméen von Schweden und Finnland. I–V, Kongl. Svenska Vetensk. Acad. Handl., Fjarde Ser.: [I] 1951: 2(1), 1–163, 56 pl.; [II] 1953: 4(1), 1–158, 35 pl.; [III] 1953: 4(5): 1–255, 41 pl.; [IV] 1955: 5(4): 1–232, 50 pl.; [V] 1952: 3(3): 1–153, 46 pl. [Reprinted by J.Cramer, Lehre, 1968.]

Cohn, F. (1866), Neue Infusorien im Seeaquarium, Z. Wiss. Zool. 16: 253–302.

Collen, J. & Vella, P. (1973), Pliocene planktonic foraminifera of southern North Island, New Zealand, J. Foramin. Res. 3: 13–29.

Collin, B. (1909), Diagnoses préliminaires d‘Acinétiens nouveaux ou mal connus, Compt. Rend. Hebd. Séances Acad. Sci. 149: 1094–1095.

Comer, T. (1896), On the occurrence of endocysts in the genus Thalassiosira, Trans. Microscop. Soc. London 1896: 489–491.

Cook, S.S., Jones, R.C., Vaillancourt, R.E. and Hallegraeff, G.M. 2013. Genetic differentiation among Australian and Southern Ocean populations of the ubiquitous coccolithophore Emiliania huxleyi (Haptophyta). Phycologia 52(4), 368-374.

Coppellotti, O. (1990), Description of Uronema marinum (Ciliophora, Scuticociliatida) from the Antarctic and observations on the nuclear events in conjugation, Polar Biol. 10: 365–371.

Coppellotti, O., Gabrieli, R. De & Piccinni, E. (1992), Morphological observations on two Ciliophora (Hypotrichida) from Antarctic seawater, Eur. J. Protistol. 28: 335.

Corliss, J.O. (1994), An interim utilitarian (“user-friendly”) hierarchial classification and characterisation of the protists, Acta Protozool. 33: 1–35.

Corliss, J.O. (1998), Classification of protozoa and protists: the current status. In Coombs, G.H., Vickerman, K., Sleigh, M.A. & Warren, A. (eds), Evolutionary Relationships among Protozoa. (Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, Boston and London). pp. 409–447.

Corliss, J.O. & Lom, J. (1985), An annotated glossary of protozoological terms. In Lee, J.J., Hutner, S.H. & Bovee, E.C. (eds), An Illustrated Guide to the Protozoa. (Society of Protozoologists, Allen Press, Lawrence). pp. 576–602.

Corliss, J.O. & Snyder, R.A. (1986), A preliminary description of several new ciliates from the Antarctic, including Cohnilembus grassei n. sp., Protistologica 22: 39–46.

Crawford, R.M. (1979a), Filament formation in the diatom genera Melosira C.A. Agardh and Paralia Heiberg, Beih. Nova Hedwigia 64: 121–133.

Crawford, R.M. (1979b), Taxonomy and frustular structure of the marine centric diatom Paralia sulcata, J. Phycol. 15: 200–210.

Crawford, R.M., Sims, P.A. & Hajos, M. (1990), The morphology and taxonomy of the concentric genus Paralia. Paralia siberica comb. nov., Diatom Res. 5: 241–251.

Crawford, R.M., Hinz, F. & Honeywill, C. (1998), Three species of the diatom genus Corethron Castacane: Structure, distribution and taxonomy, Diatom Res. 13: 1–28.

Croome, R.L. (1987), Pinaciophora columna n. sp. and P. apora n. sp., new heliozoeans from Australia and a report of P. fluviatilis Greeff from Antarctica, Arch. Protistenk. 131: 189–199.

Croome, R.L., van den Hoff, J. & Burton, H.R. (1987), Observations of the heliozoean genera Pinaciophora and Acanthocystis (Heliozea, Sarcodina, Protozoa) from Ellis Fjord, Antarctica, Polar Biol. 8: 23–28.

Cros, L. & Fortuno, J.-M. (2002), Atlas of northwestern Mediterranean coccolithophores, Scient. Mar. 66: 186.

Cros, L., Kleijne, A., Zeltner, A., Billard, C. & Young, J.R. (2000), New examples of holococcolith-heterococcolith combination coccospheres and their implications for coccolithophorid biology, Marine Micropaleontol. 39(1–4): 1–34.

Cupp, E.E. (1943), Marine plankton diatoms of the west coast of North America, Bull. Scripps Inst. Oceanogr. 5: 1–237.

Curds, C.R. (1975), A guide to the species of the genus Euplotes (Hypotrichida, Ciliatea), Bull. Brit. Mus. Nat. Hist. (Zool.) 28: 1–61.

Curds, C.R. (1985), A revision of the Suctoria (Ciliophora, Kinetofragminophora). 1. Acineta and its morphological relatives, Bull. Brit. Mus. Nat. Hist. (Zool.) 48: 75–129.

Curds, C.R. (1987), A revision of the Suctoria (Ciliophora, Kinetofragminophora) 5. The Paracineta and Corynophrya problem, Bull. Brit. Mus. Nat. Hist. (Zool.) 52: 71–106.

Curds, C.R. & Wu, I.C.H. (1983), A review of the Euplotidae (Hypotrichida, Ciliophora), Bull. Brit. Mus. Nat. Hist. (Zool.) 44: 191–247.

Curds, C.R., West, B.J. & Dorahy, J.E. (1974), Euplotes rariseta sp. n. (Protozoa: Ciliatea) a new small marine hypotrich, Bull. Brit. Mus. Nat. Hist. (Zool.) 27: 95–102.

Curran, M.A.J. & Jones, G.B. (2000), Dimethylsulphide in the Southern Ocean: seasonality and flux, J. Geophys. Res. 105: 20451–20463.

Cushman, J.A. (1927), Recent foraminifera from off the West Coast of North America, Techn. Ser. Bull. Scripps Inst. Oceanogr. 1: 119–188.

Czapik, A. (1968), La morphologie de Uronema elegans Maupas et de Uronema parva sp. n., Acta Protozool. 5: 225–228.

Czapik, A. (1981), La morphogenèse chez le cilié Diophrys oligothrix Borror, Acta Protozool. 20: 367–372.

Czapik, A. & Jordan, A. (1977), Les ciliés psammophiles de la mer Baltique aux environs de Gdansk. Partie II, Acta Protozool. 16: 165–168.

Daday, E. von (1887), Monographie der Familie der Tintinnodeen, Mitt. Zool. Stat. Neapel 7: 473–591.

Daday, E. von (1911), Deux infusoires nouveaux de la région Antarctique, Allatt. Közl., Budapest 10: 97–99, 114–115.

Daday, E. von (1913), Deux infusoires nouveaux de la région Antarctique. 2. Exped. Antarc. Française (1908–1910): 193–195.

Dallai, R., Miceli, C. & Luporini, P. (1987), Euplotes rariseta Curds et al. (Ciliophora, Hypotrichida) from the Somalian coast: description and preliminary observations on cyst induction and ultrastructure, Monit. Zool. Ital. 15: 263–280.

Das, S.M. (1948), The biology of two species of Folliculinidae (Ciliata, Heterotricha) found at Cullercoats, with a note on the British species of the family, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond. 117: 441–456.

Daugbjerg, N. (2000), Pyramimonas tychotreta (Prasinophyceae, Chlorophyceae), a new marine species from Antarctica: Light and electron microscopy of the motile stage and notes on growth rates, J. Phycol. 36: 160–171.

Daugbjerg, N. & Vørs, N. (1992), Preliminary results from a small scale survey of marine protists from Northern Foxe Basin in the vicinity of Igloolik Island June 1992. In Brandt, M.A. &. Petersen, G.H. (eds), Research on Arctic Biology, Igloolik June–July 1992, Northwest Territories Canada. (University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen). pp. 1–45.

Daugbjerg, N., Marchant, H.J. & Thomsen, H.A. (2000), Life history stages of Pyramimonas tychotreta (Prasinophyceae, Chlorophyceae), a marine flagellate from the Ross Sea, Antarctica, Phycol. Res. 48: 199–209.

Davidson, A.T. & Marchant, H.J. (1987), Binding of manganese by Antarctic Phaeocystis pouchetii and the role of bacteria in its release, Mar. Biol. 95: 481–487.

Davidson, A.T. & Marchant, H.J. (1992a), Protist interactions and carbon dynamics of a Phaeocystis-dominated bloom at an Antarctic coastal site, Polar Biol. 12: 387–395.

Davidson, A.T. & Marchant, H.J. (1992b), The biology and ecology of Phaeocystis (Prymnesiophyceae). In Round, F.E. & Chapman, D.J. (eds), Progress in Phycological Research, Vol. 8. (Biopress, Bristol). pp. 1–45.

De Toni, G.B. (1891–94), Sylloge algarum omnium hucusque cognitarum Vol. II, Bacillarieae. Sectio I, Raphideae, pp. 1–490 (1891). Sectio II, Pseudoraphideae, pp. 491–817 (1892). Sectio III, Cryptoraphideae, pp. 818–1556 (1894). (Typis Seminarii, Patavii).

Deflandre, G. (1950), Contribution à l‘étude des silicoflagellidés actuels et fossiles, Microscopie 2: 72–108, 117–142, 191–210.

Deflandre, G. (1952), Classe des Coccolithophoridés. (Coccolithophoridae Lohmann, 1902). (Traité de Zoologie, Masson, Paris). pp. 439–470.

Deflandre, G. (1960), Sur la présence de Parvicorbicula n. g. socialis (Meunier) dans le plancton de l‘Antarctique (Terre Adélie), Rev. Algol., n. sér., 5: 183–188.

Deroux, G. (1970), La série “Chlamydonellienne” chez les Chlamydodontidae (Holotriches, Cyrtophorina Fauré-Fremiet), Protistologica 6: 155–182.

De Saedeleer, H. (1929), Notules systematique. VI. Physomonas, Ann. Protist. 2: 177–178.

De Saedeleer, H. (1931), Nieuwe of weinig bekende Flagellaten, Natuurwet. Tijdschr. 13: 89–96.

De Saedeleer, H. (1934), Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Rhizopoden: morphologische und systematische Unterschungen und ein Klassificationversuch, Mém. Roy. Hist. Nat. Belgique 60: 1–112.

Desikachary, T.V. (1973), Notes on the Volvocales. 1, Curr. Sci. 41: 445–447.

Dickensheets, R.E., Jr & Cox, E.R. (1971), Thecal ultrastructure of Scrippsiella faeroense, Protoplasma 73: 139–143.

Dieckmann, G.S. Spindler, M., Lange, M.A., Ackley, S.F. & Eicken, H. (1991), Antarctic sea ice: a habitat for the foraminifer Neogloboquadrina pachyderma, J. Foramin. Res. 21:  182–189.

DiTullio, G.R., Grebmeier, J.M., Arrigo, K.R., Lizottes, M.P., Robinson, D.H., Leventer, A., Barry, J.P., Vanwoert, M.L. & Dunbar, R.B. (2000), Rapid and early export of Phaeocystis antarctica blooms in the Ross Sea, Antarctica, Nature 404: 595–598.

Dodge, J.D. (1975), The Prorocentrales (Dinophyceae). II Revision of the taxonomy within the genus Prorocentrum, Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 71: 103–125, pl. 1–4.

Dodge, J.D. (1982), Marine Dinoflagellates of the British Isles. (Her Majesty’s Stationary Office, London). 303 pp.

Dodge, J.D. (1985), Atlas of Dinoflagellates: A Scanning Electron Microscope Study. (Farrand Press, London). 119 pp.

Dodge, J.D. (1989), Some revisions of the family Gonyaulaceae (Dinophyceae) based on a scanning electron microscope study, Bot. Mar. 32: 275–298.

Dodge, J.D. & Bibby, B.T. (1973), The Prorocentrales (Dinophyceae).I. A comparative account of fine structure in the genera Prorocentrum and Exuviaella, Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 67: 175–187.

Dodge, J.D. & Priddle, J. (1987), Species composition and ecology of dinoflagellates from the Southern Ocean near South Georgia, J. Plankton Res. 9: 685–697.

Dodge, J.D. & Saunders, R.D. (1985), A partial revision of the genus Oxytoxum (Dino-phyceae) with the aid of the scanning electron microscope, Bot. Mar. 28: 99–122.

Dons, C. (1911), Folliculina-Studien I–III. II. Folliculinen aus Canale di Corsia (bei der Insel Cherso, nördl. Adria). III. Folliculinen, neu für die Fauna Norwegens, Arch. Protistenk. 27: 80–93.

Dons, C. (1914), Folliculina-Studien IV. Vorläufige Bemerkungen über die Systematik der Folliculiniden nebst Beschreibung neuer norwegischen Arten, Trømso Mus. Aarsch. 35/36 (1912/1913): 59–92.

Dons, C. (1915), Karaffeldyrene, Naturen 39: 143–152.

Dons, C. (1918), Neue marine Ciliaten und Suctorien, Trømso Mus. Aarsch. 38/39 (1915/1916): 75–100.

Dons, C. (1928), Neue und wenig bekannte Protozoen, Kongel. Norske Vidensk. Selsk. Skr. (Trondheim) 1927(7): 1–17.

Dons, C. (1934), Übersicht der Folliculiniden, Kongel. Norske Vidensk. Selsk. Forh. (Trondheim) 7(10): 31–32.

Dons, C. (1948), On some marine sedentary protozoans from Tristan da Cunha, Res. Norw. Scient. Exped. Tristan da Cunha 1937–1938 16: 1–16.

Dragesco, J. (1960), Ciliés mésopsammiques littoraux. Systématique, morphologie, écologie, Trav. Stat. Biol. Roscoff 12: 1–356.

Dragesco, J. (1968), Les genres Pleuronema Dujardin, Schizocalyptra nov. gen. et Histiobalantium Stokes (Ciliés holotriches hyménostomes), Protistologica 4: 85–106.

Dragesco, J. & Dragesco-Kernéis, A. (1986), Ciliés Libres de l‘Afrique Intertropicale. Introduction à la Connaissance et à l‘étude des Ciliés. (ORSTROM, Paris; Faune Tropicale 26). 559 pp.

Dujardin, F. (1841), Histoire Naturelle des Zoophytes. Infusoires, comprenant la Physiologie et la Classification de ces Animaux, et la Manière de les étudier à l‘Aide du Microscope. (Librairie de Roret, Paris). 684 pp.

Dürrschmidt, M. (1980), Studies on the Chrysophyceae from Rio Cruces, Prov. Valdivia, South Chile, by scanning and transmission microscopy, Nova Hedwigia 33: 353–388.

Dürrschmidt, M. (1987), An electron microscopical study on freshwater Heliozoa (genus Acathocystis, Centrohelida) from Chile, New Zealand, Malaysia and Sri Lanka. III, Arch. Protistenk. 133: 49–80.

Edvarsen, B. & Vaulot, D. (1996), Ploidy analysis of the two motile forms of Chrysochromulina polylepis (Prymnesiophyceae), J. Phycol. 32: 94–102.

Edvardsen, B. Eikrem, W, THrondsen, J. Saez, AG, Probert, I, Medlin, L. (2011), Ribosomal DNA phlogenies and a morphological revision provide the basis for a revised taxonomy of the Prymnesiales (Haptophyta). Eur. J. Phycol. 46(3):202-228.

Edwards, E.S., Burkill, P.H. & Sleigh, M.A. (1998), Microbial community structure in the marginal ice zone of the Bellingshausen Sea, J. Mar. Systems 17: 87–96.

Ehrenberg, C.G. (1837), Über eine briefliche Nachricht des Hrn Agassiz in Neuchatel über den ebenfalls aus mikroskopischen Kiesel-Organismen gebildeten Polierschiefer von Oran in Africa, Ber. K. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 1837: 59–61.

Ehrenberg, C.G. (1838), Die Infusionsthierchen als vollkommene Organismen. Ein Blick in das tiefere organische Leben der Natur. (Leopold Voss, Leipzig). 548 pp., 64 pl.

Ehrenberg, C.G. (1839), Über die Bildung der Kreidefelsen un des Kreidmergels durch unsichtbare Organismen, Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 1838: 59–147.

Ehrenberg, C.G. (1840), “Charakteristik von 274 neuen Arten von Infusorien” [he article has no title] Deutsche Akad. Wiss. Berlin 1840: 197–219.

Ehrenberg, C.G. (1841), Über noch jetzt ahlreich lebende Thieraarten der Kreidebildung und den Organismus der Polythalamien, Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 1839: 81–174.

Ehrenberg, C.G. (1843), Verbreitung und Einfluss des mikroscopischen Lebens in Sud- und Nord-Amerika, Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 1841: 291–445.

Ehrenberg, C.G. (1844a), Mitteilungen über zwei neue Lager von Gebirgsmassen aus Infusorien als Meeres-Absatz in Nord-Amerika und eine Vergleichung derselben mit den organischen Kreide-Gebilden in Europa und Afrika, Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 1843: 57–97.

Ehrenberg, C.G. (1844b), Einige vorläufige Resultate seiner Undersuchungen der ihm von der Sudpolreise des Capitan Ross sowie von den Herre Schayer und Darwin zugekommen Materialen über das verhalten des kleinsten lebens in den oceanen und den grössten bisher zugänglichen tiefen des Weltmeers, Die Südpolreise von 1841–1843 edition, Ber. Bekanntm. Verh. Königl. Preuss. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 1844: 182–207.

Ehrenberg, C.G. (1853), Über neue Anschaunungen des kleisten nordlichen Polarbens, Monatsber. Deutsch. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 1853: 522–529.

Ehrenberg, C.G. (1854–56), Zur Mikrogeologie. Das Erden und Felsen schaffende Wirken des unsichtbar kleinen selbständigen Lebens auf der Erde. (Leopold Voss, Leipzig). 374 pp.

Ehrenberg, C.G. (1860), Mitteilung über die ihm so eben als manuscript gedrukt eingegangene nachricht des Hrn. Dr. Wallich, Monatsber. Verh. Königl. Preuss. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 1860: 791–793.

Ehrenberg, C.G. (1861), Elemente des tiefen Meeresgrundes im Mexikanischen Golfstrome be; Florida; über die Tiefgrund-Verhaltnisse des Oceans am Eingange der Davisstrasse und bei Island, Monatsber. Verh. Königl. Preuss. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 1861: 275–315.

Ehrenberg, C.G. (1873), Mikrogeologische Studien über das kleinste Leben des Meerestiefgrundes aller Zonen und dessen geologischen Einfluss, Abhandl. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 1872: 131–397, pl. 1–12.

Eichwald, C.E. von (1830), Zoological Specialis. Vol. 2. (D.E.Eichwaldus, Vilnius). 323 pp.

Elbrächter, M. (1975), Taxonomical notes on North Sea dinoflagellates I, Kieler Meeresf. 31: 8–64.

Elbrächter, M. (1993), Kolkwitziella Lindemann 1919 and Preperidinium Mangin 1913: correct genera names in the Diplopsalis-group (Dinophyceae), Beih. Nova Hedwigia 56: 73–178.

Ellis, W. (1929), Recent researches on the Choanoflagellata (Craspedomonadines) (freshwater and marine) with description of new genera and species, Ann. Soc. Roy. Zool. Belgique 60: 49–88.

El-Sayed, S.Z. & Fryxell, G.A. (1993), Phytoplankton. In Friedmann, E.I. (ed.), Antarctic Microbiology. (Wiley-Liss, New York). pp. 65–122.

Entz, G. (1884), Über Infusorien des Golfes von Neapel, Mitt. Zool. Stat. Neapel 5: 289–444.

Entz, G. (1885), Zur näheren Kenntnis der Tintinnoden, Mitt. Zool. Stat. Neapel 6: 185–216.

Estep, K., Davis, P., Hargraves, P. & Sieburth, J.M. (1984), Chloroplast containing microflagellates in natural populations of North Atlantic nanoplankton, their identification and distribution, including a description of five new species of Chrysochromulina (Prymnesiophyceae), Protistologica 20: 613–634.

Estrada, M. & Delgado, M. (1990), Summer phytoplankton distributions in the Weddell Sea, Polar Biol. 10: 441–449.

Evans, F.R. & Thompson, J.C. Jr (1964), Pseudocohnilembidae n. fam., a hymenostome ciliate family containing one genus, Pseudocohnilembus n. g., with three new species, J. Protozool. 11: 344–352.

Evensen, D.L. & Hasle, G.R. (1975), The morphology of some Chaetoceros (Bacillariophyceae) species as seen in the electron microscopes, Beih. Nova Hedwigia 53: 153–174.

Everitt, D.A. & Thomas, D.P. (1986), Observations of seasonal changes in diatoms at inshore localities near Davis Station, East Antarctica, Hydrobiologia 139: 3–12.

Eynaud, F., Giraudeau, J., Pichon. J.-J. & Pudsey, C.J. (1999), Sea surface distribution of coccolithophores, diatoms, silicoflagellates and dinoflagellates in the South Atlantic Ocean during the late austral summer 1995, Deep-Sea Res., Part I, 46: 451–482.

Fabre-Domergue, P.L. (1885), Note sur les infusoires Ciliés de la Baie de Concarneau, J. Anat. Physiol. 21: 554–568.

Fabre-Domergue, P.L. (1888), Recherches anatomiques et physiologiques sur les infusoires Ciliés, Ann. Sci. Nat. Zool., sér. 7, 5: 1–140.

Faria, J.G. de & Cunha, A.M. da (1917), Estudos sobre o microplancton da baía do Rio de Janeiro e suas imediacoes, Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz 9: 68–93.

Fauré-Fremiet, E. (1924), Contribution à la connaissance des infusoires planktoniques, Bull. Biol. France Belgique, Suppl. 6: 1–171.

Fauré-Fremiet, E. (1936), La famille des Folliculinidae (Infusoria Heterotricha), Mém. Mus. Roy. Hist. Nat. Belgique, sér. 2, 3: 1129–1175.

Fauré-Fremiet, E. (1965), Morphologie des Dysteriidae (Ciliata Cyrtophorina), Compt. Rend. Hebd. Séances Acad. Sci., sér. D, 260: 6679–6684.

Fauré-Fremiet, E. & Ganier, M.-C. (1970), Structure fine du Strombidium sulcatum Cl. et L. (Ciliata, Oligotrichida), Protistologica 6: 207–223.

Febvre-Chevalier, C. (1985), Class Heliozoea Haeckel 1866. In Lee, J.L., Hutner, S.H. & Bovee, E.C. (eds), An Illustrated Guide to the Protozoa. (Society of Protozoologists, Allen Press, Lawrence). pp. 302–317.

Fenchel, T. (1982), Ecology of heterotrophic microflagellates. II. Bioenergetics and growth, Mar. Ecol. Progr. Ser. 8: 255–231.

Fenchel, T. & Lee, C.C. (1972), Studies on ciliates associated with sea ice from Antarctica. I. The nature of the fauna, Arch. Protistenk. 114: 231–236.

Fenchel, T. & Patterson, D. (1988), Cafeteria roenbergensis nov. gen., nov. sp., a heterotrophic microflagellate from marine plankton, Mar. Microbial Food Webs 3: 9–19.

Fenchel, T., Bernard, C., Esteban, G., Findlay, B.J., Hansen, P.J. & Iversen, N. (1995), Microbial diversity and activity in a Danish fjord with anoxic deep water, Ophelia 43:    45–100.

Fenner, J., Schrader, H.-J. & Wienigk, H. (1976), Diatom phytoplankton studies in the Southern Pacific Ocean, composition and correlation to the Antarctic Convergence and its paleoecological significance. In Hollister, C.D., Craddock, C., Bogdanov, J.A., Edgar, N.T., Gieskes, J.W., Haq, B.U., Lawrence, J.R., Rogl, F., Schrader, H.-J., Tucholke, B.E., Vennumn, W., Weaver, F.M. & Zhivago, V.N. (eds), Initial Reports of the Deep Sea Drilling Project. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington) 35: 757–813.

Fernandez-Leborans, G. & Tato-Porto, M.L. (2000), A review of the species of protozoan epibionts on crustaceans. II. Suctorian ciliates, Crustaceana 73: 1205–1237.

Ferrario, M.E. & Ferreyra, G.A. (1983), Casos teratólogicos y de polimorfismo observados en diatomeas antárticas y otros ambientes continentales y marinos de Argentina. 1, Contr. Inst. Antarc. Argent. 290: 1–8.

Ferrario, M.E. & Ferreyra, G.A. (1987), Diatoms of the South Orkney Islands. In El-Sayed, S.Z. & Tomo, A.P. (eds), Antarctic Aquatic Biology BIOMASS Scientific Series No. 7: 39–52.

Ferreyra, G.A. & Ferrario, M.E. (1983a), Variación morfológica estacional de Rhizosolenia alata Brightwell en Bahía Paraíso, Antártida Occidental, Contr. Inst. Antarc. Argent. 300: 1–18.

Ferreyra, G.A. & Ferrario, M.E. (1983b), Observaciones sistematicas y autoecologicas sobre diatomeas antárticas. I. Coscinodiscus asteromphalus Ehr., Contr. Inst. Antarc. Argent. 297: 1–20.

Findlay, C.S. (1998), Living and Fossil Calcareous Nannoplankton from the Australian Sector of the Southern Ocean: Implications for Palaeoceanography. Ph.D. Thesis, University of Tasmania, Hobart.

Findlay, C.S. & Flores, J.A. (2000), Subtropical Front fluctuations south of Australia (45°09’S, 146°17’E) for the last 130 ka years based on calcareous nannoplankton, Mar. Micropaleontol. 40: 403–416.

Findlay, C.S. & Giraudeau, J. (2000), Extant calcareous nannoplankton in the Australian Sector of the Southern Ocean (austral summers 1994 and 1995), Mar. Micropaleontol. 40: 417–439.

Findlay, C.S. & Giraudeau, J. (2002), Movement of oceanic fronts south of Australia during the last 10 ka: interpretation of calcareous nannoplankton in surface sediments from the Southern Ocean, Mar. Micropaleontol. 46: 431–444.

Fjeld, P. (1955), On some marine psammobiotic ciliates from Drobak (Norway), Nytt Mag. Zool. 3: 5–65.

Flores, J.-A., Gersonde, R. & Sierro, F.J. (1999), Pleistocene fluctuations of the Agulhas Current. Retroflection based on the calcareous plankton record, Mar. Micropaleontol. 37: 1–22.

Flores, J.-A., Sierro, F.J., Frances, G., Vazquez, A. & Zamarreno, I. (1997), The last 100,000 years in the western Mediterranean: sea surface water and frontal dynamics as revealed by coccolithophores, Mar. Micropaleontol. 29: 321–366.

Fogg, G.E. (1998), The Biology of Polar Habitats. (Oxford University Press, Oxford). 263 pp.

Foissner, W. (1971), Das Silberliniensystem von Uronema parduczi sp. n. (Ciliata, Hymenostomatida, Uronematidae), Arch. Protistenk. 113: 34–50.

Foissner, W. (1979), Ökologische und systematische Studien über das Neuston alpiner Kleingewässer, mit besonderer Berücksichtigung der Ciliaten, Int. Rev. Ges. Hydrobiol. 64: 99–140.

Foissner, W. (1991), Basic light and scanning electron microscopic methods for taxonomic studies of ciliated protozoa, Eur. J. Protistol. 27: 313–330.

Foissner, W. & O’Donoghue, P.J. (1990), Morphology and infraciliature of some freshwater ciliates (Protozoa: Ciliophora) from western and south Australia, Invert. Taxon. 3: 661–696.

Foissner, W. & Wilbert, N. (1981), A comparative study of the infraciliature and silverline system of the fresh-water scuticociliates Pseudocohnilembus putrinus (Kahl, 1928) nov. comb., P. pusillus (Quennerstedt, 1869) nov. comb., and the marine form P. marinus Thompson, 1966, J. Protozool. 28: 291–297.

Foissner, W., Berger, H. & Kohmann, F. (1994), Taxonomische und ökologische Revision der Ciliaten des Saprobiensystems, Band III: Hymenostomata, Prostomatida, Nassulida, Inform. Bayer. Landesamt Wasserwirtsch. 1/94: 1–548.

Foissner, W., Berger, H. & Schaumburg, J. (1999), Identification and ecology of limnetic plankton ciliates, Inform. Bayer. Landesamt Wasserwirtsch. 3/99: 1–793.

Foissner, W., Berger, H., Blatterer, H. & Kohmann, F. (1995), Taxonomische und ökologische Revision der Ciliaten des Saprobiensystems, Band IV: Gymnostomatea, Loxodes, Suctoria, Inform. Bayer. Landesamt Wasserwirtsch. 1/95: 1–540.

Foissner W., Blatterer, H., Berger, H. & Kohmann, F. (1991), Taxonomische und ökologische Revision der Ciliaten des Saprobiensystems, Band I: Cyrtophorida, Oligotrichida, Hypotrichia, Colpodea, Inform. Bayer. Landesamt Wasserwirtsch. 1/91: 1–478.

Fol, H. (1881), Contribution à la connaissance de la famille des Tintinnodea, Arch. Sci. Phys. Nat. 5: 5–24.

Fonda Umani, S. & Monti, M. (1991), Microzooplankton populations in the Strait of Magellan, Boll. Oceanol. Teor. Applic. 9: 151–162.

Fonda Umani, S., Monti, M. & Nuccio, C. (1998), Microzooplankton biomass distribution in Terra Nova Bay, Ross Sea (Antarctica), J. Mar. Systems 17: 289–303.

Franklin, D.C. & Marchant, H.J. (1995), Parmales in sediments of Prydz Bay, East Antarctica: a new biofacies and paleoenvironmental indicator of cold water deposition? Micropaleontology 41: 89–94.

Frenguelli, J. (1939), Diatomeas del Golfo de San Matias, Revista Mus. La Plata, Secc. Bot. 2: 201–226.

Frenguelli, J. (1943), Diatomeas de la Orcadas del Sur, Revista Mus. La Plata, Secc. Bot. 5: 221–265.

Frenguelli, J. (1960), Diatomeas y silicoflagelados recognidas en Tierra Adélia durante las Expeditiones Polares Francesas de Paul-Emile Victor (1950–1952), Rev. Algol. 1: 3–48.

Frenguelli, J. & Orlando, H.A. (1958), Diatomeas y Silicoflagelados del Sector Antarctico Sudamericano, Publ. Inst. Antarc. Argent. 5: 1–146.

Fricke, F. (1902), Verzeichnis der in A. Schmidt’s Atlas der Diatomaceenkunde. Taf. 1–240 (Ser. I–V) abgebildeten und benannten Formen. Herausgegeben von Dr. Freidr. Fricke. (O.R.Reisland, Leipzig). 69 pp.

Fryxell, G.A. (1977), Thalassiosira australis Peragallo and T. lentiginosa (Janisch) G. Fryxell, comb. nov.: two Antarctic diatoms (Bacillariophyceae), Phycologia 16: 95–104.

Fryxell, G.A. (1989), Marine phytoplankton at the Weddell Sea ice edge: seasonal changes at the specific level, Polar Biol. 19: 1–18.

Fryxell, G.A. (1990), Family Hemidiscaceae. In Medlin, L.K. & Priddle, J. (eds), Polar Marine Diatoms. (British Antarctic Survey, Cambridge). pp. 111–113.

Fryxell, G.A. (2000), Nitzschia bicapitata (Bacillariophyceae) and related taxa from oceanic aggregations, Diatom Res. 15: 43–73.

Fryxell, G.A. & Hasle, G.R. (1971), Corethron criophilum Castracane: its distribution and structure. In Llano, G.A. & Wallen, I.E. (eds), Biology of the Antarctic Seas. (American Geophysical Union, Washington). pp. 335–346.

Fryxell, G.A. & Hasle, G.R. (1972), Thalassiosira eccentrica (Ehr.) Cleve, T. symmetrica spec. nov. and some related centric diatoms, J. Phycol. 8: 297–317.

Fryxell, G.A. & Hasle, G.R. (1973), Coscinodiscineae: Some consistent patterns in diatom morphology, Beih. Nova Hedwigia 45: 69–96.

Fryxell, G.A. & Hasle, G.R. (1979a), The genus Thalassiosira: species with internal extensions of the strutted processes, Phycologia 18: 378–393.

Fryxell, G.A. & Hasle, G.R. (1979b), The genus Thalassiosira: T. trifulta sp. nov., and other species with tricolumnar supports on strutted processes, Beih. Nova Hedwigia 64: 13–32.

Fryxell, G.A. & Hasle, G.R. (1980), The marine diatom Thalassiosira oestrupii: Structure, taxonomy and distribution, Amer. J. Bot. 67: 804–814.

Fryxell, G.A. & Hasle, G.R. (1983), The Antarctic diatoms Thalassiosira dichotomica (Kozlova) comb. nov. and T. ambigua Kozlova, Polar Biol. 22: 53–62.

Fryxell, G.A. & Johansen, J.R. (1990), Family Thalassiosiraceae. Section 2. In Medlin, L.K. & Priddle, J. (eds), Polar Marine Diatoms (British Antarctic Survey, Cambridge). pp. 98–103.

Fryxell, G.A. & Medlin, J. (1981), Chain forming diatoms: Evidence of parallel evolution in Chaetoceros, Cryptog. Algol. 2: 3–29.

Fryxell, G.A. & Prasad, A.[K.S.K.] (1990), Eucampia antarctica var. recta (Mangin) stat. nov. (Biddulphiaceae, Bacillariophyceae). Life stages at the Weddell Sea ice edge, Phycologia 29: 27–38.

Fryxell, G.A. & Semina, H. (1981), Actinocyclus exiguus, new species from the southern parts of the Indian and Atlantic Oceans, Brit. Phycol. J. 16: 441–448.

Fryxell, G.A., Doucette, G.J. & Hubbard, G.F. (1981), The genus Thalassiosira: The bipolar diatom Thalassiosira antarctica, Bot. Mar. 24: 321–336.

Fryxell, G.A., Garza, S.A. & Roelke, D.L. (1991), Auxospore formation in an Antarctic clone of Nitzschia subcurvata Hasle, Diatom Res. 6: 235–245.

Fryxell, G.A., Prasad, A.K.S.K. & Fryxell, P.A. (1989), Eucampia antarctica (Castracane) Mangin (Bacillariophyta): Complex nomenclature and taxonomic history, Taxon 38: 638–640.

Fryxell, G.A., Sims, P.A. & Watkins, T.P. (1986), Evolutionary patterns in the Coscino-discineae: Azpeitia and promorphology, Syst. Bot. Monogr. 13: 1–74.

Fryxell, G.A., Theriot, E.C. & Buck, K.R. (1984), Phytoplankton, ice algae and choanoflagellates from AMERIEZ, the southern Atlantic and Indian Oceans, Antarc. J. U.S. 19: 107–109.

Fryxell, G.A., Villareal, T. & Hoban, M. (1979), Thalassiosira scotia sp. nov.: observations of a phytoplankton increase in early austral spring north of the Scotia Ridge, J. Plankton Res. 1: 355–370.

Fukase, S. (1962), Oceanographic condition of surface water between the south end of Africa and Antarctica, Antarc. Rec. 15: 53–110.

Fukase, S. & El-Sayed, S.Z. (1965), Studies on diatoms of the Argentine coast, the Drake Passage and the Bransfield Strait, Oceanogr. Mag. 17: 1–10.

Fukushima, H. (1962), Notes on diatom vegetation of the Kasumi Rock ice-free area, Prince Olaf Coast, Antarctica, Antarctic Rec. 15: 39–52. [In Japanese; English abstract.]

Gaarder, K.R. (1938), Phytoplankton studies from the Trømso district 1930–31, Trømso Mus. Aarsch. 55: 1–160.

Gaarder, K.R. (1962), Electron microscope studies on holococcolithophorids, Nytt Mag. Bot. 10: 35–51.

Gaarder, K.R. (1970), Three new taxa of Coccolithinae, Nytt Mag. Bot. 17: 113–126.

Gaarder, K.R. & Heimdal, B.R. (1977), A revision of the genus Syracosphaera Lohmann (Coccolithineae), “Meteor” Forsch.-Ergebn., Ser. D, 24: 54–71.

Gaarder, K.R. & Ramsfjell, E. (1954), A new coccolithophorid from northern waters. Calcio-pappus caudatus n. gen., n. sp., Nytt Mag. Bot. 2: 155–156.

Gaarder, K.R., Fryxell, G.A. & Hasle, G.R. (1976), Potamodiscus kalbei Gerloff – an organism with siliceous scales, Arch. Protistenk. 118: 346–351.

Garrison, D.L. (1991a), An overview of the abundance and role of protozooplankton in Antarctic waters, J. Mar. Systems 2: 317–331.

Garrison, D.L. (1991b), Antarctic sea ice biota, Amer. Zool. 31: 17–33.

Garrison, D.L. & Buck, K.R. (1989a), Protozooplankton in the Weddell Sea, Antarctica: abundance and distribution in the ice-edge zone, Polar Biol. 9: 341–351.

Garrison, D.L. & Buck, K.R. (1989b), The biota of Antarctic pack ice in the Weddell Sea and Antarctic Peninsula regions, Polar Biol. 10: 211–219.

Garrison, D.L. & Buck, K.R. (1991), Surface-layer sea ice assemblages in Antarctic pack ice during the austral spring: environmental conditions, primary production and community structure, Mar. Ecol. Progr. Ser. 75: 161–172.

Garrison, D.L. & Gowing, M.M. (1993), Protozooplankton. In Friedmann, E.I. (ed.), Antarctic Microbiology. (Wiley-Liss, New York). pp. 123–165.

Garrison, D.L., Buck, K.R. & Fryxell, G.A. (1987), Algal ice edge assemblages in Antarctic pack ice and in ice-edge plankton, J. Phycol. 23: 564–572.

Geisen, M., Billard, C., Broerse, A.T.C., Cros, L., Probert, I. & Young, J.R. (2002), Life-cycle associations involving pairs of holoccolithophorid species: intraspecific variation or cryptic speciation? Eur. J. Phycol. 37: 531–550.

Geitzenauer, K.R. (1969), Coccoliths as Late Quaternary palaeoclimatic indicators in the Subantarctic Pacific Ocean, Nature 223: 170–172.

Gemeinhardt, K. (1930), Silicoflagellatae, Rabenhorst’s Kryptogamen-Flora von Deutsch-land, Oesterreich und der Schweiz 10: 1–87.

Gerloff, J. (1968), Elektronmikroscopische Untersuchungen an Diatomeenschalen VI. Potamodiscus kalbei nov. gen. et nov. sp., Willdenowia 4: 353–361.

Gersonde, R. (1990), The palaeontological significance of fossil diatoms from high latitude oceans. In Medlin, L.K. & Priddle, J. (eds), Polar Marine Diatoms. (British Antarctic Survey, Cambridge). pp. 57–63.

Giard, A. (1888), Sur les genres Folliculina et Pebrilla, Bull. Sci. France Belgique 1: 310–317.

Gibson, J.A.E., Garrick, R.C., Burton, H.R. & McTaggart, A.R. (1990), Dimethylsulfide and the alga Phaeocystis pouchetii in Antarctic coastal waters, Mar. Biol. 104: 339–346.

Gibson, J.A.E., Swadling, K.M., Pitman, T.M. & Burton, H.R. (1997), Overwintering populations of Mesodinium rubrum (Ciliophora: Haptorida) in lakes of the Vestfold Hills, East Antarctica, Polar Biol. 17: 175–179.

Gourret, P. (1883), Sur les Péridiniens du Golfe du Marseille, Ann. Mus. Hist. Nat. Marseille (Zool.) 1: 1–114, pl. 111–114 + tables.

Gourret, P. & Roeser, P. (1888), Contribution à l‘étude des protozoaires de la Corse, Arch. Biol. 8: 139–204.

Gowing, M.M. (1989), Abundance and feeding ecology of Antarctic phaeodarian radiolarians, Mar. Biol. 103: 107–118.

Gowing, M.M. & Garrison, D.L. (1981), Austral winter distributions of large tintinnid and large sarcodinid protozooplankton in the ice-edge zone of the Weddell/Scotia Seas, J. Mar. Systems 2: 131–141.

Gowing, M.M., Garrison, D.L., Buck, K.R. & Coale, S.L. (1989), AMERIEZ 1988: Winter protozooplankton from the Weddell and Scotia Seas, Antarc. J. U.S. 24: 160–162.

Gowing, M.M., Garrison, D.L., Kunze, H.B. & Winchell, C.J. (2001), Biological components of Ross Sea short-term particle fluxes in the austral summer of 1995–1996, Deep-Sea Res., Part I, 48: 2645–2671.

Gradinger, R. & Lenz, J. (1995), Seasonal occurrence of picocyanobacteria in the Greenland Sea and central Arctic Ocean, Polar Biol. 15: 447–452.

Grain, J., Puytorac, P. de & Grolière, C.A. (1982), Quelques précisions sur l‘ultrastructure et la position systématique du cilié Mesodinium rubrum, et sur la constitution de ses symbiontes chloroplastiques, Protistologica 18: 7–21.

Gran, H.H. (1897), Protophyta: Diatomaceae, Silicoflagellata, and Cilioflagellata, Norske Nordhaus-Exped., 1876–78, Bot. 24: 1–36.

Gran, H.H. (1900), Bemerkungen ber einige Planktondiatomeen, Nytt Mag. Naturvidensk. 38: 102–128.

Gran, H.H. (1902), Das Plankton des Norwegischen Nordmeeres von biologischen und hydrographischen Gesichtpunkten behandelt, Rep. Norweg. Fish. Invest. 2: 1–222.

Gran, H.H. (1904), Die Diatomeen der aektischen Meere. I. Die Diatomeen des Planktons, Fauna Arctica 3: 509–554.

Gran, H.H. (1908), Diatomeen. In Brandt, K. & Apstein, C. (eds), Nordisches Plankton, Botanischer Teil, XIX (Lipsius & Fischer, Kiel). pp. 1–146, 178 figs.

Gran, H.H. (1912), Pelagic plant life. In Murray, J. & Hjort, J. (eds), The Depths of the Ocean. (MacMillan, London). pp. 307–386.

Gran, H.[H.] (1915), The plankton production of the Northern European waters in the spring 1912, Bull. Plank. 1912: 1–142.

Greeff, R. (1873), Radiolarien und radiolarienartige Rhizopoden des süssen Wassers, Sitzungsber. Ges. Beförd. Gesammten Naturwiss. Marburg 1873(5): 47–64.

Greeff, R. (1875), Über Radiolarien und radiolarienartige Rhizopoden des süssen Wassers, Arch. Mikr. Anat. 11: 1–32.

Green, J.C. & Leadbeater, B.S.C. (eds), (1994), The Haptophyte Algae. (The Systematics Association Special Volume No. 51, Clarendon Press, Oxford). 446 pp.

Gregory, W. (1855), On the post-Tertiary lacustrine sand containing diatomaceous exuviae from Glenshire near Inverary, Quart. J. Microscop. Sci. 3: 30–43.

Greville, R.K. (1860), A monograph on the genus Asterolampra including Asteromphalus and Spatangidium, Trans. Microscop. Soc. London, n. ser., 8: 102–124.

Greville, R.K. (1865), Descriptions of new and rare diatoms. Series 14, Trans Microscop. Soc. London, n. ser., 13: 1–10.

Grey, J., Laybourn-Parry, J., Leakey, R.J.G. & McMinn, A. (1997), Temporal pattern of protozooplankton abundance and their food in Ellis Fjord, Princess Elizabeth Land, Eastern Antarctica, Estuarine Coastal Shelf Sci. 45: 17–25.

Griessmann, K. (1913), Über marine Flagellaten, Arch. Protistenk. 32: 1–78.

Grolière, C.A. & Detcheva, R. (1974), Description et stomatogenèse de Pleuronema puytoraci n. sp. (Ciliata, Holotricha), Protistologica 10: 91–99.

Grøntved, J. (1956), Planktological contributions II. Taxonomical studies in some Danish coastal localities, Meddel. Dansk. Fisk. Havunders., n. ser., 12: 1–13.

Groom, S.B. & Holligan, P.M. (1987), Remote sensing of coccolithophore blooms, Advanced Space Res. 7: 73–78.

Grossi, S.M. & Sullivan, C.W. (1985), Sea ice microbial communities. V. The vertical zonation of diatoms in an Antarctic fast ice community, J. Phycol. 21: 401–409.

Grunow, A. (1862), Die österreichischen Diatomaceen, Verh. K.-K. Zool.-Bot. Ges. Wien 12: 315–588.

Grunow, A. (1867), Diatomeen auf Sargassum von Honduras, gesammelt von Lindig, Hedwigia 6: 1–8, 17–37.

Grunow, A. (1870), Algae. In Reise der österreichschen Fregatte Novara um die Erde in den Jahren 1857, 1858, 1859, Bot. Theil. 1: 1–104, taf. 101–111.

Grunow, A. (1878), Algen und Diatomaceen aus dem Kaspischen Meere. In Dr. O. Schneider’s Naturwissenschaftliche Beiträge zur Kenntniss der Kaukasusländer. (Sitzungs-berichte, Naturwissenschaftliche Gesellschaft “Isis”, Dresden), pp. 100–133, pl. 3–4.

Grunow, A. (1880), Vorläufige Bemerkungen zu einer systematischen Anordnung der Schizonema– und Berkeleya-Arten, mit Bezung auf die in Van Heurck’s “Diatomeenflora von Belgien” veröffentlichten Abbildungen der Frusteln auf Taf. XV, XVI, und XVII, Bot. Centralbl. 4(47/48): 1506–1520, 1585–1598.

Grunow, A. (1884), Die Diatomeen von Franz Josefs-land, Denkschr. Kaiserl. Akad. Wiss., Math.-Naturwiss. Kl. 48: 53–112.

Guillard, R.R.L. & Ryther, J.H. (1962), Studies of marine planktonic diatoms 1. Cyclotella nana Hustedt and Detonula confervacea (Cleve) Gran, Canad. J. Microbiol. 8: 229–239.

Hada, Y. (1961), The pelagic ciliata from Antarctic waters, Antarc. Rec. Tokyo 11: 141–145.

Hada, Y. (1970), The protozoan plankton of the Antarctic and Subantarctic Seas, JARE Sci. Rep., Ser. E, 31: 1–51.

Hadzi, J. (1951), Studien über Follikuliniden, Dela Slov. Akad. Znan. Umet. Prírod. Med. 4: 3–391.

Haeckel, E. (1866), Generelle Morphologie der Organismen. (Reimer, Berlin). Vol. 1, 574 pp.; Vol. 2, 462 pp.

Haeckel, E. (1873), Über einige neue pelagische Infusorien, Jenaische Z. Naturwiss. 7: 561–568.

Haeckel, E. (1887), Report on the Radiolaria collected by H.M.S. Challenger during the years 1873–1876, Rep. Sci. Res. Voy. H.M.S.Challenger 1873–1876, Zoology 18: 1–1803, 140 pl.

Håkasson, H. & Jones, V.J. (1993), The compiled freshwater diatom taxa for the maritime Antarctic region of the South Shetland and South Orkney Islands. In Hamilton, P.B. (ed.), Proceedings of the 4th Arctic-Antarctic Diatom Symposium (Workshop). (Canadian Museum of Nature, Ottawa). pp. 77–83.

Halldal, P. (1953), Phytoplankton investigations from Weathership M in the Norwegian Sea, 1948–1949, Hvalrådets Skr. 38: 5–91.

Hallegraeff, G.M. (1983), Scale-bearing and loricate nanoplankton from the East Australian Current, Bot. Mar. 26: 493–515.

Hallegraeff, G.M. (1984), Species of the diatom genus Thalassiosira in Australian waters, Bot. Mar. 27: 495–513.

Hallegraeff, G.M. (1986), Taxonomy and morphology of the marine plankton diatoms Thalassionema and Thalassiothrix, Diatom Res. 1: 57–80.

Hamburger, C. & Buddenbrock, W. von (1911), Nordische Ciliata mit Ausschluss der Tintinnoidea, Nord. Plankt. 7: 1–152.

Hansen, P.J. (1991), Dinophysis – a planktonic dinoflagellate genus which can act as a prey and a predator of a ciliate, Mar. Ecol. Progr. Ser. 69: 201–204.

Hara, S. & Takahashi, E. (1984), Re-investigation of Polycoeca dichotoma and Acanthoeca spectabilis (Acanthoecidae: Choanoflagellida), J. Mar. Biol. Assoc. U.K. 64: 819–827.

Hara, S. & Takahashi, E. (1987), An investigation with electron microscope of marine choanoflagellates (Protozoa, Choanoflagellida) from Osaka Bay, Japan. I. Re-investigation of Bicosta spinifera, B. minor and Crusispina cruciformis, Bull. Plankton Soc. Japan 34: 1–13.

Hara, S. & Tanoue, E. (1984), Choanoflagellates in the Antarctic Ocean, with special reference to Parvicorbicula socialis (Meunier) Deflandre, Mem. Natl Inst. Polar Res., Special Issue 32: 1–14.

Hara, S. & Tanoue, E. (1985), Protists along 150°E in the Southern Ocean: its composition, stock and distribution, Trans. Tokyo Univ. Fisheries 6: 99–115.

Hara, S., Tanoue, E., Zenimoto, M., Komaki, Y. & Takahashi, E. (1986), Morphology and distribution of heterotrophic protists along 75°E in the Southern Ocean, Mem. Natl Inst. Polar Res. 40: 69–80.

Hardy, A.C. & Gunther, E.R. (1935), Plankton of the South Georgia whaling grounds and adjacent waters, 1926–1927, Discovery Rep. 11: 1–456.

Hargraves, P.E. (1968), Species Composition and Distribution of Net Plankton Diatoms in the Pacific Sector of the Antarctic Ocean. (College of William and Mary, Williamstown, Virginia). viii +170 pp.

Hart, T.J. (1934), On the phytoplankton of the south-west Atlantic and the Bellingshausen Sea, Discovery Rep. 8: 1–268.

Hart, T.J. (1937), Rhizosolenia curvata Zacharias, an indicator species in the Southern Ocean, Discovery Rep. 16: 413–446.

Hart, T.J. (1942), Phytoplankton periodicity in Antarctic surface waters, Discovery Rep. 21: 261–356.

Hasle, G.R. (1956), Phytoplankton and hydrography of the Pacific part of the Antarctic Ocean, Nature 177: 616–617.

Hasle, G.R. (1960), Plankton coccolithophorids from the subantarctic and equatorial Pacific, Nytt Mag. Bot. 8: 77–88, pl. I–III.

Hasle, G.R. (1964), Nitzschia and Fragilariopsis species studied in the light and electron microscopes. I. Some species of the groups Nitzschiella and Lanceolatae, Skr. Norske Vidensk.-Akad. Oslo, Math.-Naturvidensk. Kl., n. ser., 16: 1–48, pl. 1–16.

Hasle, G.R. (1965a), Nitzschia and Fragilariopsis species studied in the light and electron microscopes. II. The group Pseudonitzschia, Skr. Norske Vidensk.-Akad. Oslo, Math.-Naturvidensk. Kl., n. ser., 18: 1–45, pl. 1–17.

Hasle, G.R. (1965b), Nitzschia and Fragilariopsis species studied in the light and electron microscopes. III. The genus Fragilariopsis, Skr. Norske Vidensk.-Akad. Oslo, Math.-Naturvidensk. Kl., n. ser., 21: 1–49, pl. 1–17.

Hasle, G.R. (1968), The valve processes of the centric diatom genus Thalassiosira, Nytt Mag. Bot. 15: 193–201.

Hasle, G.R. (1969), An analysis of the phytoplankton of the Pacific Southern Ocean: Abundance, Hvalrådets Skr. 52: 1–168.

Hasle, G.R. (1972a), Fragilariopsis Hustedt as a section of the genus Nitzschia Hassall, Beih. Nova Hedwigia 39: 111–119.

Hasle, G.R. (1972b), The inclusion of Coscinosira Gran (Bacillariophyceae) in Thalassiosira Cleve, Taxon 21: 543–544.

Hasle, G.R. (1973), Some marine plankton genera of the diatom family Thalassiosiraceae, Beih. Nova Hedwigia 45: 1–49.

Hasle, G.R. (1975), Some living species of the diatom family Rhizosoleniaceae, Beih. Nova Hedwigia 53: 99–153.

Hasle, G.R. (1976a), The biogeography of some marine planktonic diatoms, Deep-Sea Res. 23: 319–338.

Hasle, G.R. (1976b), Examination of diatom type material: Nitzschia delicatissima Cleve and Thalassiosira miniscula Krasske and Cyclotella nana Hustedt, Brit. Phycol. J. 11: 101–110.

Hasle, G.R. (1983), The marine planktonic diatoms Thalassiosira oceanica sp. nov., and T. partheneia, J. Phycol. 19: 220–229.

Hasle, G.R. (1990), Family Diatomaceae. In Medlin, L.K. & Priddle, J. (eds), Polar Marine Diatoms. (British Antarctic Survey, Cambridge). pp. 133–135.

Hasle, G.R. (1993), Nomenclatural notes on marine planktonic diatoms. The Family Bacillariaceae, Beih. Nova Hedwigia 106: 315–321.

Hasle, G.R. (1994), Pseudo-nitzschia as a genus distinct from Nitzschia (Bacillariophyceae), J. Phycol. 30: 1036–1039.

Hasle, G.R. & Fryxell, G.A. (1977), The genus Thalassiosira: Some species with a linear areola array, Beih. Nova Hedwigia 54: 15–66.

Hasle, G.R. & Heimdal, B.R. (1968), Morphology and distribution of the marine centric diatom Thalassiosira antarctica Comber, J. Roy. Microscop. Soc. 88: 357–369.

Hasle, G.R. & Heimdal, B.R. (1970), Some species of the centric diatom genus Thalassiosira studied in the light and electron microscopes, Beih. Nova Hedwigia 31: 543–581.

Hasle, G.R. & Lange, C. (1992), Morphology and distribution of diatoms from Oslofjord, Norway and the Skagerrak, North Atlantic, Diatom Res. 7: 37–68.

Hasle, G.R. & Medlin, L.K. (1990a), Family Bacillariaceae: Genus Nitzschia, Section Pseudonitzschia. In Medlin, L.K. & Priddle, J. (eds), Polar Marine Diatoms. (British Antarctic Survey, Cambridge). pp. 169–176.

Hasle, G.R. & Medlin, L.K. (1990b), Family Bacillariaceae: Genus Nitzschiella, Section Nitzschiella. In Medlin, L.K. & Priddle, J. (eds), Polar Marine Diatoms. (British Antarctic Survey, Cambridge). pp. 177–180.

Hasle, G.R. & Medlin, L.K. (1990c), Family Bacillariaceae: Genus Nitzschia, Section Fragilariopsis. In Medlin, L.K. & Priddle, J. (eds), Polar Marine Diatoms. (British Antarctic Survey, Cambridge). pp. 181–196.

Hasle, G.R. & Semina, H. (1987), The marine planktonic diatoms Thalassiothrix longissima and Thalassiothrix antarctica with comments on Thalassionema spp. and Synedrea reinboldii, Diatom Res. 2: 175–192.

Hasle, G.R. & Sims, P. (1986), The diatom genera Stellarima and Symbolophora with comments on the genus Actinoptychus, Brit. Phycol. J. 21: 97–114.

Hasle, G.R. & Syvertsen, E.[E.] (1980), The diatom genus Cerataulina: Morphology and taxonomy, Bacillaria 3: 79–113.

Hasle, G.R. & Syvertsen, E.E. (1984), Coscinodiscus pseudolineatus Pant. and Coscinodiscus praelineatus Jousé as synonyms of Thalassiosira leptopus (Grun.) Hasle & G.Fryxell. In Mann, D.G. (ed.), Proceedings of the 7th International Diatom Symposium. (Koeltz, Koenigstein). pp. 145–155.

Hasle, G.R. & Syvertsen, E.E. (1990a), Family Thalassiosiraceae. Section 1. In Medlin, L.K. & Priddle, J. (eds), Polar Marine Diatoms. (British Antarctic Survey, Cambridge). pp. 83–97.

Hasle, G.R. & Syvertsen, E.E. (1990b), Family Coscinodiscaceae. In Medlin, L.K. & Priddle, J. (eds), Polar Marine Diatoms. (British Antarctic Survey, Cambridge). p. 109.

Hasle, G.R. & Syvertsen, E.E. (1990c), Family Biddulphiaceae. In Medlin, L.K. & Priddle, J. (eds), Polar Marine Diatoms. (British Antarctic Survey, Cambridge). pp. 129–131.

Hasle, G.R. & Syvertsen, E.E. (1990d), Arctic diatoms in the Oslofjord and the Baltic Sea, a bio- and palaeographic problem? In Simola, H. (ed.), Proceedings of the 10th International Diatom Symposium. (Koeltz, Koenigstein). pp. 285–300.

Hasle, G.R. & Syvertsen, E.E. (1997), Marine diatoms. In Tomas, C.R. (ed.), Identifying Marine Diatoms and Dinoflagellates. (Academic Press, San Diego). pp. 5–385.

Hasle, G.R., Heimdal, B.R. & Fryxell, G.A. (1971), Morphologic variability in fasciculated diatoms as exemplified by Thalassiosira tumida (Janisch) Hasle comb. nov. In Llano, G.A. & Waller, I.E. (eds), Biology of the Antarctic Seas IV. (American Geophysical Union, Washington). pp. 313–333.

Hasle, G.R., Medlin, J. & Syvertsen, E.E. (1994), Synedropsis gen. nov., a genus of araphid diatoms associated with sea ice, Phycologia 33: 248–270.

Hausmann, K. & Hülsmann, N. (1996), Protozoology. (Thieme, New York and Stuttgart). 338 pp.

Hausmann, K., Hülsmann, N. & Radek, R. (2003), Protistology. (Schweizerbart’sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, Berlin). 379 pp.

Hay, W.W., Mohler, H., Roth, P., Schmidt, R. & Boudreaux, J. (1967), Calcareous nanoplankton zonation of Cenozoic of the Gulf Coast and Caribbean-Antillean area and transoceanic correlation Gulf Coast, Trans. Assoc. Geol. Soc. 17: 428–480.

Heiden, H. & Kolbe, R.W. (1928), Die marinen Diatomeen der Deutschen Südpolar-Expedition 1901–1903, Deutsch. Südpol. Exped. 8, Bot., 5: 447–715.

Heimdal, B.R. (1997), Modern coccolithophorids. In Tomas, C.R. (ed.), Identifying Marine Diatoms and Dinoflagellates. (Academic Press, San Diego). pp. 744–749.

Heimdal, B.R. & Gaarder, K.R. (1980), Coccolithophorids from the northern part of the eastern central Atlantic I. Holococcolithophorids, “Meteor” Forsch.-Ergebn., Ser. D, 32: 1–14.

Heimdal, B.R. & Gaarder, K.R. (1981), Coccolithophorids from the northern part of the eastern central Atlantic II. Holococcolithophorids, “Meteor” Forsch.-Ergebn., Ser. D, 33: 37–69.

Heinbokel, J.F. & Coats, D.W. (1986), Patterns of tintinnine abundance and reproduction near the edge of seasonal pack-ice in the Weddell Sea, November 1983, Mar. Ecol. Progr. Ser. 33: 71–80.

Helmcke, J.-G. & Krieger, W. (1954), Diatomeenschalen im Elektronenkroskopischen. Bild 2. (J.Cramer, Weinheim). 24 pp., pl. 103–200.

Hemleben, C., Spindler, M. & Anderson, O.R. (1988), Modern Planktonic Foraminifera. (Springer-Verlag, New York). 363 pp.

Hendey, N.I. (1937), The plankton diatoms of the Southern Seas, Discovery Rep. 16: 151–364.

Hendey, N.I. (1964), An Introductory Account of the Smaller Algae of British Coastal Waters. Part V: Bacillariophyceae (Diatoms). (Her Majesty’s Stationary Office, London). 317 pp., 44 pl.

Henriksen, P., Knipschildt, F., Moestrup, Ø. & Thomsen, H.[A.] (1993), Autecology, life history and toxicology of the silicoflagellate Dictyocha speculum (Silicoflagellata, Dictyochophyceae), Phycologia 32: 29–39.

Hensen, V. (1887), Über die Bestimmung des Planktons, oder des im Meere treibenden Materials and Pflanzen und Thiereu, V, Ber. Komm. Wiss. Untersuch. Deutsch. Meere Kiel 5: 1–108.

Hermosilla, J. & Balech, E. (1969), Un intersante Peridinium de tabulación anormal, Neotrópica 15: 9–13.

Hernández-Becerril, D.U. (1993), Notes on the morphology of two planktonic diatoms Chaetoceros bacteriastoides and C. seychellarus, with comments on their taxonomy and distribution, Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 111: 117–128.

Hertwig, R. & Lesser, E. (1874), Über Rhizopoden und denselben nahestehende Organismen, Arch. Mikroskop. Anat., Suppl. 10: 139–145.

Herzig, W.N. & Fryxell, G.A. (1986), The diatom genus Thalassiosira Cleve in the Gulf Stream core rings: Taxonomy, with T. intrannula and T. lineoides, spp. nov., Bot. Mar. 29: 11–25.

Hibberd, D.J. (1972), Chrysophyta: definition and interpretation, Brit. Phycol. J. 7: 281.

Hibberd, D.J. (1976), The ultrastructure and taxonomy of the Chrysophyceae and Prymnesiophyceae (Haptophyceae): a survey with some new observations on the ultrastructure of the Chrysophyceae, Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 72: 55–80.

Hibberd, D.J. (1980), Prymnesiophytes (= Haptophytes). In Cox, E.R. (ed.), Phytoflagellates. (Elsevier-North Holland, New York). pp. 273–318.

Hilbrecht, H. (1996), Extant planktic foraminifera and the physical environment in the Atlantic and Indian Oceans, Mitt. Geol. Inst. Eidgen. Techn. Hochschule Univ. Zürich, Neue Folge, 300: 1–93.

Hill, B.F. (1990), Uronychia transfuga (O.F.Müller, 1786) Stein, 1859 (Ciliophora, Hypotrichia, Uronychiidae): Cortical structure and morphogenesis during division, J. Protozool. 37: 99–107.

Hill, B.F. & Borror, A.C. (1992), Redefinition of the genera Diophrys and Paradiophrys and establishment of the genus Diophryopsis N. G. (Ciliophora, Hypotrichida): implication for the species problem, J. Protozool. 39: 144–153.

Hill, D.R.A. (1991a), A revised circumscription of Cryptomonas based on examination of Australian strains, Phycologia 30: 170–188.

Hill, D.R.A. (1991b), Diversity of hetertrophic cryptomonads. In Patterson, D.J. & Larsen, J. (eds), The Biology of Free-living Heterotrophic Flagellates. (The Systematics Association, Clarendon Press, Oxford). pp. 235–240.

Hoban, M. (1983), Biddulphioid diatoms II: The morphology and systematics of the pseudocellate species, Biddulphia biddulphiana (Smith) Boyer, B. alternans van Heurck, and Trigonium arcticum (Brightwell) Cleve, Bot. Mar. 26: 271–284.

Hoban, M., Fryxell, G.A. & Buck, K. (1980), Biddulphioid diatoms: Resting spores in Antarctic Eucampia and Odontella, J. Phycol. 16: 591–602.

Hockfield, M. (2000), Blooms and Morphometrics: a Study of Plankton from SW of Iceland and of Coccolithophores from the English Channel and the Southern Ocean. M.Sc. Thesis, University College, London. pp. 67.

Holligan, P.M., Turner, S.M. & Liss, P.S. (1987), Measurements of dimethylsulphide in frontal regions, Continental Shelf Res. 7: 213–224.

Holligan, P.M., Fernandez, E., Aiken, J., Blach, W.M., Boyd, P., Burkill, P.H., Finch, M., Groom, S.B., Malin, G., Muller, K., Purdie, D.A., Robinson, C., Tress, C.C., Turner, S.M. & van der Wal, P. (1993), A biogeochemical study of the coccolithophore Emiliania huxleyi in the North Atlantic, Global Biogeochem. Cycles 7: 879–900.

Holmes, R. (1956), The annual cycle of phytoplankton in the Labrador Sea, Bull. Bingham Oceanogr. Coll. 16(1950–51): 33–74.

Honjo, S. (1976), Coccoliths: production, transportation and sedimentation, Mar. Micropaleontol. 1: 65–69.

Hopkins, T.L. (1987), Midwater food web in McMurdo Sound, Ross Sea, Antarctica, Mar. Biol. 96: 93–106.

Houdan, A., Billard, C., Marie, D., Not, F., Saez, A.G., Young, J.R. & Probert, I. (2003), Flow cytometric analysis of relative ploidy levels in holococcolithophore-heterococcolithophore (Haptophyta) life cycles, Syst. Biodiv. 1: 453–465.

Hustedt, F. (1927–30), Die Kieselalgen Deutschlands, Österreichs und der Schweiz mit Berücksichtigung der übrigen Länder Europas sowie der angrenzenden Meeresgebiete, Rabenhorst’s Kryptogamen-Flora von Deutschland, Oesterreich und der Schweiz 7(1): 1–920.

Hustedt, F. (1931–59), Die Kieselalgen Deutschlands, Österreichs und der Schweiz mit Berücksichtigung der übrigen Länder Europas sowie der angrenzenden Meeresgebiete, Rabenhorst’s Kryptogamen-Flora von Deutschland, Oesterreich und der Schweiz 7(2): 1–176 (1931); 177–320 (1932); 321–432 (1933); 433–576 (1933); 577–736 (1937); 737–845 (1959).

Hustedt, F. (1938), Systematische und okologische Untersuchungen uber die Diatomeen-Flora von Java, Bali und Sumatra. Systematischer Teil 1, Arch. Hydrobiol., Suppl. 15: 393–506.

Hustedt, F. (1952), Diatomeen aus der Lebensgemeinschaft des Buckelwals (Megaptera nodosa Bonn.), Arch. Hydrobiol. 46: 286–298.

Hustedt, F. (1955), Marine littoral diatoms of Beaufort, North Carolina, Bull. Duke Univ. Marine Stat. 6: 1–67.

Hustedt, F. (1958), Diatomeen aus der Antarktis und dem Südatlantik, Deutsch. Antarkt. Exped. 1938/39 2: 103–191.

Hustedt, F. (1961–66), Die Kieselalgen Deutschlands, Österreichs und der Schweiz mit Berücksichtigung der übrigen Länder Europas sowie der angrenzenden Meeresgebiete, Rabenhorst’s Kryptogamen-Flora von Deutschland, Oesterreich und der Schweiz 7(3): 1–160 (1961); 161–348 (1962); 349–556 (1964); 557–816 (1966).

Ikävalko, J. & Thomsen, H.A. (1996), Scale-covered and loricate flagellates (Chrysophyceae and Synurophyceae) from Baltic Sea ice, Beih. Nova Hedwigia 114: 147–160.

Inouye, I. & Kawachi, M. (1994), The haptonema. In Green, J.C. & Leadbeater, B.S.C. (eds), The Haptophyte Algae. (The Systematics Association Special Volume No. 51, Clarendon Press, Oxford). pp. 73–90.

Ishikawa, A. & Taniguchi, A. (2000), Vegetative cell and cyst assemblages of armored dinoflagellates in Onagawa Bay, northeast Japan, Plankton Biol. Ecol. 47: 12–22.

Ishikawa, A., Washiyama, N., Tanimura, A. & Fukuchi, M. (2001), Variation in the diatom community under fast ice near Syowa Station, Antarctica, during the austral summer of 1997/98, Polar Biosci. 14: 10–23.

Ishikawa, A., Wright, S.W., van den Enden, R., Davidson, A.T. & Marchant, H.J. (2002), Abundance, size structure and community composition of phytoplankton in the Southern Ocean in the austral summer 1999/2000, Polar Biosci. 15: 11–26.

James, M.R., Hall, J.A. & Laybourn-Parry, J. (1998), Protozooplankton and microzoo-plankton ecology in lakes of the Dry Valleys, southern Victoria Land, Antarc. Res. Ser. 72: 255–267.

James, M.R., Pridmore, R.D. & Cummings, V.J. (1995), Planktonic communities of melt ponds on the McMurdo ice shelf, Antarctica, Polar Biol. 15: 555–567.

Janisch, C. (1888), Diatomeen der Gazelle-Expedition 1874–1876. 7 plates with manuscript index; captions by O.N.Witt., Diatom. Gazelle-Exped. 1874–1876: pl. 5, figs 2, 3.

Jankowski, A.W. (1976), Revision of a system of cyrtophorines, Mat. II All-Union Cong. Protozool. 1: 167–168.

Jankowski, A.W. (1978), Phylogeny and divergence of suctorians, Dokl. Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R. 242: 493–496.

Jankowski, A.W. (1979), Revision of the order Hypotrichida Stein, 1859 (Protozoa, Ciliophora). Generic catalogue, phylogeny, taxonomy, Trudy Zool. Inst. Leningrad 86: 48–85.

Jankowski, A.W. (1981), New species, genera and families of tentacled infusoria (Class Suctoria), Trudy Zool. Inst. Leningrad 107: 80–115.

Jeffrey, S.W., Mantoura, R.F.C. & Wight, S.W. (eds) (1997), Phytoplankton Pigments in Oceanography: Guidelines to Modern Methods. (UNESCO Publishing, Mouflon). 661 pp.

Jenkins, D. (1967a), Planktonic foraminiferal zones and new taxa from the lower Miocene to the Pleistocene of New Zealand, New Zealand J. Geol. Geophys. 10: 1064–1078.

Jenkins, D. (1967b), Recent distribution, origin and coiling ratio changes in Globorotalia pachyderma (Ehrenberg), Micropaleontology 13: 195–203.

Johansen, J.R. & Fryxell, G.A. (1985), The genus Thalassiosira (Bacillariophyceae): Studies on species occurring south of the Antarctic Convergence Zone, Phycologia 24: 155–179.

Johnsen, G., Sakshaug, E. & Vernet, M. (1992), Pigment composition, spectral character-ization and photosynthetic parameters in Chrysochromulina polylepis, Mar. Ecol. Progr. Ser. 83: 241–249.

Johnson, P.W. & Sieburth, J.M. (1982), In-situ morphology and occurrence of eucaryotic phototrophs of bacterial size in the picoplankton of estuarine and oceanic waters, J. Phycol. 18: 318–327.

Jordan, R.W. & Kleijne, A. (1994), A classification system for living coccolithophores. In Winter, A. & Siesser, W.G. (eds), Coccolithophores. (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge). pp. 83–106.

Jordan, R.W. & Young, J.R. (1990), Proposed changes to the classification system of living coccolithophorids, Newslett. Int. Nannoplankton Assoc. 12(1): 15–18.

Jordan, R.W., Kleijne, A., Heimdal, B.R. & Green, J.C. (1995), A glossary of extant Haptophyta of the World, J. Mar. Biol. Assoc. U.K. 75: 769–814.

Jordan, R.W., Ligowski, R., Nothig, E.M. & Priddle, J. (1991), The diatom genus Proboscia in Antarctic waters, Diatom Res. 6: 63–78.

Jörgensen, E. (1899–1900), Protophyten und Protozoen im Plankton aus der norwegische Westküste, Bergens Mus. Aarbok 6: 1–212.

Jörgensen, E. (1905), The protist plankton and the diatoms in bottom samples. Hydrographical and biological investigations in Norwegian fjords by O.Nordgaard, Bergens Mus. Skr. 7: 1–254.

Jörgensen, E. (1911), Die Ceratien. Eine kurze Monographie der Gattung Ceratium Schrank, Int. Rev. Gesamt. Hydrobiol. Hydrogeogr. 4: 1–124.

Jörgensen, E. (1923), Mediterranean Dinophysiaceae, Rep. Danish Ocean. Exped., 1908–10, Mediterr. Seas II, J, 2: 1–48.

Jörgensen, E. (1924), Mediterranean Tintinnidae, Rep. Danish Ocean. Exped., 1908–10, Mediterr. Seas II, J, 3: 1–110.

Jörgensen, E. (1927), Ciliata: Tintinnidae. Tierwelt N.- und Ostsee, 8 (Teil II, c1): 1–26.

Jousé, A.P. (1968), Species novae Bacillariophytorum in sedimentis fundi Oceani Pacifici et Maris Ochotensis inventae, Novit. Syst. Pl. Non Vasc. 1968: 12–21.

Jousé, A.P., Koroleva, G.S. & Nagaeva, G.A. (1962), Diatoms in the surface layer of sediment in the Indian sector of the Antarctic, Trudy Inst. Okeanol. 56: 19–91, pl. I–IX.

Kaczmarska, I. & Fryxell, G.A. (1986), The diatom genus Nitzschia: Morphologic variation of some small bicapitate species in two Gulf Stream warm core rings. In Ricard, M. (ed.), Proceedings of the 8th International Diatom Symposium. (Koeltz, Koeningstein). pp. 237–255.

Kaczmarska, I., Fryxell, G.A. & Watkins, T.P. (1986), Effect of two Gulf Stream warm-core rings on distributional patterns of the genus Nitzschia, Deep-Sea Res. 33: 1843–1868.

Kahl, A. (1928a), Die Infusorien (Ciliata) der Oldesloer Salzwasserstellen, Arch. Hydrobiol. 19: 50–123.

Kahl, A. (1928b), Die Infusorien (Ciliata) der Oldesloer Salzwasserstellen, Arch. Hydrobiol. 19: 189–246.

Kahl, A. (1930), Urtiere oder Protozoa I: Wimpertiere oder Ciliata (Infusoria). 1. Allgemeiner Teil und Prostomata, Tierwelt Deutschl. 18: 1–180.

Kahl, A. (1931), Urtiere oder Protozoa I: Wimpertiere oder Ciliata (Infusoria). 2. Holotricha, Tierwelt Deutschl. 21: 181–398.

Kahl, A. (1932), Urtiere oder Protozoa I: Wimpertiere oder Ciliata (Infusoria). 3. Spirotricha, Tierwelt Deutschl. 25: 399–650.

Kahl, A. (1934), Suctoria. Tierwelt N.- und Ostsee, 26 (Teil II, c5): 184–226.

Kamptner, E. (1937), Neue und bemerkenswerte Coccolithineen aus dem Mittelmeer, Arch. Protistenk. 89: 279–316.

Kamptner, E. (1943), Zur Revision der Coccolithineen-Spezies Pontosphaera huxleyi Lohmann, Kaiserl. Akad. Wiss. Wien Math.-Natwiss. Kl. Anz. 80: 43–49.

Kamptner, E. (1950), Über den submikroskopischen Aufbau der Coccolithen, Österr. Akad. Wiss. Math.-Natwiss. Kl. Anz. 87: 152–158.

Kamptner, E. (1954), Untersuchungen über den Feinbau der Coccolithen, Arch. Protistenk. 100: 1–90.

Kamptner, E. (1956), Das Kalkskelett von Coccolithus huxleyi (Lohm.) Kpt. und Gephyro-capsa oceanica Kpt. (Coccolithineae), Arch. Protistenk. 101: 2.

Kang, S.H. & Lee, S. (1995), Antarctic phytoplankton assemblage in the western Bransfield Strait region, February 1993, composition, biomass, and mesoscale distributions, Mar. Ecol. Progr. Ser. 129: 253–276.

Karl, D.M. (1993), Microbial processes in the Southern Oceans. In Friedmann, E.I. (ed.), Antarctic Microbiology. (Wiley-Liss, New York). pp. 1–63.

Karpov, S.A. & Mylnikov, A.P. (1989), Biology and ultrastructure of colourless flagellates Apusomonadida ord. nov., Zool. Zurn. S.S.S.R. 58: 5–17.

Karsten, G. (1904), Die sogenannten “Mikrosporen” der Planktondiatomeen und ihre weitere Entwicklung, beobachtet an Corethron valdiviae n. sp., Ber. Deutsch. Bot. Ges. 22: 544–554, taf. XXIII.

Karsten, G. (1905), Das Phytoplankton des Atlantischen Meeres nach dem Material der Deutschen Tiefsee-Expedition 1898–1899. In Chun, C. (ed.), Wissenschaftliche Ergebnisse der Deutschen Tiefsee-Expedition auf dem Dampfer Valdivia 1898–1899. (Gustav Fischer, Jena). 2: 1–136, Tafeln 1–19.

Karsten, G. (1906), Das Phytoplankton des Atlantischen Oceans nach dem Material der Deutschen Tiefsee-Expedition 1898–1899. In Chun, C. (ed.), Wissenschaftliche Ergebnisse der Deutschen Tiefsee-Expedition auf dem Dampfer Valdivia 1898–1899. (Gustav Fischer, Jena). 2: 137–219, Tafeln 20–34.

Karsten, G. (1907), Das indische Phytoplankton nach dem Material der Deutschen Tiefsee-Expedition 1898–1899. In Chun, C. (ed.), Wissenschaftliche Ergebnisse der Deutschen Tiefsee-Expedition auf dem Dampfer Valdivia 1898–1899. (Gustav Fischer, Jena). 2: 221–548, Tafeln 35–59.

Kawachi, M., Inouye, I., Maeda, O. & Chihara, M. (1991), The haptonema as a food-capturing device: observations on Chrysochromulina hirta (Prymnesiophyceae), Phycologia 30: 536–573.

Kayser, H. (1970), Experimental-ecological investigations on Phaeocystis poucheti (Hapto-phyceae): cultivation and waste water test, Helgoländers Wiss. Meeresuntersuch. 20: 195–212.

Kennett, J.P. & Srinivasan, M.S. (1983), Neogene Planktonic Foraminifera; a Phylogenetic Atlas. (Hutchinson Ross, Stroudsberg). 813 pp.

Kent, W.S. (1880–82), A Manual of the Infusoria: including a Description of all Known Flagellate, Ciliate, and Tentaculiferous Protozoa, British and Foreign, and an Account of the Organization and Affinities of the Sponges. (Bogue, London). Vol. I (1880) pp. 1–472; Vol. II (1881) pp. 473–720, (1882) pp. 721–913.

Kivi, K. & Kuosa, H. (1994), Late winter microbial communities in the Weddell Sea (Antarctica), Polar Biol. 14: 389–399.

Klaas, C. (1997), Microzooplankton distribution and their potential grazing impact in the Antarctic Circumpolar Current, Deep-Sea Res. Part II 44: 375–393.

Kleijne, A. (1991), Holococcolithophorids from the Indian Ocean, Red Sea, Mediterranean Sea and North Atlantic Ocean, Mar. Micropaleontol. 17: 1–76.

Kleijne, A. (1993), Morphology, Taxonomy and Distribution of extant Coccolithophorids (Calcareous Nannoplankton). (Proefscrift Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam). pp. 321.

Klöser, H. (1990), Verteilung von Mikroplankton-Organismen nordwestlich der antarktischen Halbinsel unter dem Einfluss sich ändernder Umweltbedingungen im Herbst, Ber. Polarforsch. 77: 1–255.

Knappertsbusch, M. (1977), Morphologic variability of the coccolithophorid Calcidiscus leptoporus in the plankton, surface sediments and from the Early Pleistocene, Mar. Micropaleontol. 30: 293–317.

Knox, G. (1994), The Biology of the Southern Ocean. (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge). 444 pp.

Koch, P. & Rivera, P. (1984), Contribución al conocimiento de las diatomeas Chilenas III el genéro Chaetoceros Her. (subgenéro Phaeoceros Gran), Gayana Botanica 41: 61–84.

Kofoid, C.A. (1911), Dinoflagellates of the San Diego region. IV. The genus Gonyaulax with notes on its skeletal morphology, and a discussion of its generic and specific characteristics, Univ. Calif. Publ. Zool. 8: 187–287, pl. 9–17.

Kofoid, C.A. & Campbell, A.S. (1929), A conspectus of the marine and fresh-water Ciliata belonging to the suborder Tintinnoinea, with descriptions of new species principally from the Agassiz expedition to the eastern tropical Pacific 1904–1905, Univ. Calif. Publ. Zool. 34: 1–403.

Kofoid, C.A. & Michener, J.R. (1911), New genera and species of dinoflagellates, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. Harvard Coll. 54(7): 265–302.

Kofoid, C.A. & Skogsberg, T. (1928), The Dinoflagellata: the Dinophysoidae, Mem. Mus. Comp. Zool. Harvard 51: 1–766.

Kofoid, C.A. & Swezy, O. (1921), The free living unarmoured dinoflagellates, Mem. Univ. Calif. 5: 1–562.

Kolbe, R.W. (1955), Diatoms from equatorial Atlantic cores, Rep. Swedish Deep-Sea Exped. 7: 150–184.

Kopczyńska, E.E. & Ligowski, R. (1985), Phytoplankton composition and biomass distribution in the southern Drake Passage, the Bransfield Strait and the adjacent waters of the Weddell Sea in December 1983–January 1984 (BIOMASS–SIBEX), Polar Res. 6: 65–77.

Kopczyńska, E.E., Fiala, M. & Jeandel, C. (1998), Annual and interannual variability in phytoplankton at a permanent station off Kerguelen Islands, Southern Ocean, Polar Biol. 20: 342–351.

Kopczyńska, E.E., Weber, L.H. & El-Sayed, S.Z. (1986), Phytoplankton species composition and abundance in the Indian Ocean sector of the Antarctic Ocean, Polar Biol. 6: 161–169.

Kornmann, P. (1955), Beobachtungen an Phaeocystis-Kulturen, Helgoländers Wiss. Meeres-untersuch. 5: 218–233.

Kosman, C.A., Thomsen, H.A. & Østergaard, J.B. (1993), Parmales (Chrysophyceae) from Mexican, Californian, Baltic, Arctic and Antarctic waters with the description of a new subspecies and several new forms (including Parmales from Weddell Sea, Antarctica), Phycologia 32: 116–128.

Kozlova, O.G. (1962), Species composition of diatoms in the waters of the Indian sector of the Antarctic, Trudy Inst. Okeanol. 61: 1–18.

Kozlova, O.G. (1964), Diatom Algae of the Indian and Pacific Sectors of the Antarctic. (Nauka, Moscow). 168 pp., 6 pl.

Kozlova, O.G. (1967), New species of diatoms from the Indian sector of the Antarctic and the Pacific Ocean, Novit. Syst. Pl. Non Vasc. 1967: 54–62.

Krammer, K. & Lange-Bertalot, H. (1988), Bacillariophyceae: Bacillariaceae, Epithem-iaceae, Surirellaceae. Reprint 1997. In Ettl, H., Gerloff, J., Heynig, H. & Mollenhauer, D. (series eds), Süsswasserflora von Mitteleuropa. (CEB Gustav Fischer Verlag, Jena). Vol. 2(2): 1–596, 184 pl., 1914 figs.

Kramp, P. (1911), Report on the hydroids. Danmark-Ekspeditionen til Grønlands Nordostkyst 1906–1908, Meddel. Grønland 45: 1–58.

Krasske, G. (1941), Die Kieselalgen des chilenischen Küstenplanktons, Arch. Hydrobiol. 38: 260–287.

Kristiansen, J. (1980), Chrysophyceae from some Greek lakes, Nova Hedwigia 33: 167–194.

Kristiansen, J. & Anderson, R.A. (eds) (1996), Chrysophytes: Aspects and Problems. (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge). pp. 337.

Kuntze, O. (1898), Revisio Genero Plantarum. Vol. 3, part 2. (Arthur Felix, Leipzig). 202 pp.

Kützing, F.T. (1844), Die kieselschaligen Bacillarien oder Diatomeen. (Ferd. Förstmann, Nordhausen). 152 pp., 30 pl.

Kützing, F.T. (1849), Species Algarum. (F.A.Brockhaus, Leipzig). 922 pp.

Laackmann, H. (1907), Antarktische Tintinninen, Zool. Anz. 31: 235–239.

Laackmann, H. (1910a), Die Tintinnodeen der deutschen Südpolar-Expedition 1901–1903, Deutsch. Südpol.-Exped. 11, Zool., 3: 341–496.

Laackmann, H. (1910b), Zur Kenntnis der heterotrichen Infusoriengattung Folliculina Lamarck, Deutsch. Südpol.-Exped. 12, Zool., 4: 77–89.

Lamarck, J.B.A.P.M. de (1816), Histoire Naturelle des Animaux sans Vertèbres, Prèsentant les Caractères Généraux et Particuliers de ces Animaux, leur Distribution, leur Classes, leur Familles, leur Genres, et la Citation des Principales Espèces qui s’y Rapportent. Vol. 2 (Paris). 586 pp.

Larsen, J. (1994), Unarmoured dinoflagellates from Australian waters. I. The genus Gymnodinium (Gymnodiniales, Dinophyceae), Phycologia 33: 24–33.

Larsen, J. (1996), Unarmoured dinoflagellates from Australian waters. II. Genus Gyrodinium (Gymnodiniales, Dinophyceae), Phycologia 35: 342–349.

Larsen, J. & Patterson, D.J. (1990), Some flagellates (Protista) from tropical marine sediments, J. Nat. Hist. (London) 24: 801–937.

Lauder, H.S. (1864), Remarks on the marine Diatomaceae found at Hong Kong, with descriptions of new species, Trans. Microscop. Soc. London, n. ser., 12: 75–79.

Laval-Peuto, M. (1981), Construction of the lorica in Ciliata Tintinnina. In vivo study of Favella ehrenbergii: variability of the phenotypes during the cycle, biology, statistics, biometry, Protistologica 17: 249–272.

Laybourn-Parry, J. & Perriss, S.J. (1995), The role and distribution of the autotrophic ciliate Mesodinium rubrum (Myrionecta rubra) in three Antarctic saline lakes, Arch. Hydrobiol. 135: 179–194.

Laybourn-Parry, J., James, M.R., McKnight, D.M., Priscu, J., Spaulding, S.A. & Shiel, R. (1997), The microbial plankton of Lake Fryxell, southern Victoria Land, Antarctica during the summers of 1992 and 1994, Polar Biol. 17: 54–61.

Leadbeater, B.S.C. (1972a), Fine structural observations on six new species of Chrysochromulina (Haptophyceae) from Norway with preliminary observations on scale production in C. microcylindra sp. nov., Sarsia 49: 65–80.

Leadbeater, B.S.C. (1972b), Identification by means of electron microscopy of flagellate nanoplankton from the coast of Norway, Sarsia 49: 107–124.

Leadbeater, B.S.C. (1972c), Paraphysomonas cylicophora sp. nov., a new marine species from the coast of Norway, Norweg. J. Bot. 19: 179–185.

Leadbeater, B.S.C. (1972d), Fine-structural observations on some marine choanoflagellates from the coast of Norway, J. Mar. Biol. Assoc. U.K. 52: 67–79.

Leadbeater, B.S.C. (1972e), Ultrastructural observations on some marine choanoflagellates from the coast of Denmark, Brit. Phycol. J. 7: 195–211.

Leadbeater, B.S.C. (1973), External morphology of some marine choanoflagellates from the coast of Jugoslavia, Arch. Protistenk. 115: 234–252.

Leadbeater, B.S.C. (1974), Ultrastructural observations on nanoplankton collected from the coast of Jugoslavia and the Bay of Algiers, J. Mar. Biol. Assoc. U.K. 54: 179–196.

Leadbeater, B.S.C. (1978), Renaming of Salpingoeca sensu Grøntved, J. Mar. Biol. Assoc. U.K. 58: 511–515.

Leadbeater, B.S.C. (1979a), Developmental and ultrastructural observations on two stalked marine choanoflagellates, Acanthoecopsis spiculifera Norris and Acanthoeca spectabilis Ellis, Proc. Roy. Soc. London, Ser. B, 204: 57–66.

Leadbeater, B.S.C. (1979b), Developmental studies on the loricate choanoflagellate Stephanoeca diplocostata Ellis. II. Cell division and lorica assembly, Protoplasma 98:  311–328.

Leadbeater, B.S.C. & Manton, I. (1971), Fine structure and electron microscopy of a new species of Chrysochromulina (C. acantha), Arch. Mikrobiol. 78: 58–69.

Leadbeater, B.S.C. & Manton, I. (1974), Preliminary observations on the chemistry and biology of the lorica in a collared flagellate (Stephanoeca), J. Mar. Biol. Assoc. U.K. 54: 269–276.

Leadbeater, B.S.C. & Morton, C. (1974), A light and electron microscopical study of the choanoflagellates Acanthoeca spectabilis Ellis and A. brevipoda Ellis, Arch. Microbiol. 95: 279–292.

Leakey, R.J.G., Fenton, N. & Clarke, A. (1994), The annual cycle of planktonic ciliates in nearshore waters at Signy Island, Antarctica, J. Plankton Res. 16: 841–856.

Lebour, M. (1925), The Dinoflagellates of Northern Seas. (Marine Biological Association, Plymouth). 250 pp.; pl. 1–35.

Lebour, M. (1930), The planktonic diatoms of northern seas, Ray Soc. Publ. 116: 1–244, pl. 241–244.

Lee, J.J. & Soldo, A.T. (eds), (1992), Protocols in Protozoology. (Society of Protozoologists, Allen Press, Lawrence). pp. i–Index 10.

Lee, J.J., Hutner, S.H. & Bovee, E.C. (eds) (1985), An Illustrated Guide to the Protozoa. (Society of Protozoologists, Allen Press, Lawrence). 629 pp.

Lee, J.J., Leedale, G.F. & Bradbury, P. (eds) (2002), An Illustrated Guide to the Protozoa. 2nd edn. (Society of Protozoologists, Allen Press, Lawrence). 1400 pp.

Leegaard, C. (1915), Untersuchungen über einige Planktonciliaten des Meeres, Nytt Mag. Naturvidensk. 53: 1–37.

Lemmermann, E. (1910), Algen, I. In Kryptogamenflora der Mark Brandenburg, Vol. 3. (Gebrüder Borntraeger, Leipzig). pp. 1–712.

LeRoi, J.-M. & Hallegraeff, G.M. (2004), Scale-bearing nanoflagellates from southern Tasmanian coastal waters, Australia. I. Species of the genus Chrysochromulina (Haptophyta), Bot. Mar. 47: 73–102.

Lessard, E. & Rivkin, R. (1986), Nutrition of microzooplankton and macrozooplankton from McMurdo Sound, Antarc. J. U.S. 21: 187–188.

Leuduger-Fortmorel, G.M.D. (1892), Diatomées de la Malaisie, Ann. Jard. Bot. Buitenzorg 11: 1–15.

Levander, K.M. (1894), Materialien zur Kenntniss der Wasserfauna in der Umgebung von Helsingfors, mit besonderer Berücksichtigung der Meeresfauna. I. Protozoa, Acta Soc. Fauna Fl. Fenn. 12: 1–96.

Levinsen, G.M.R. (1893), Meduser, Ctenophorer og Hydroider fra Gronlands Vestkyst, Vidensk. Meddel. Dansk Naturhist. Foren. Kjøbenhavn 1892: 143–212.

Ligowski, R. (1983), Phytoplankton of the Olaf Prydz Bay (Indian Ocean, East Antarctica) in February 1969, Polish Polar Res. 4: 21–32.

Ligowski, R. (1993), Morskie okrzemki (Bacillariophyceae) w ekosystemie Antarktyki i ich znaczenie jako wskanika rda pokarmu kryla (Euphausia superba Dana). (edakcja Naukowo-Dydaktyczna “Folia Botanica”. Wydawnictowo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego, Łódź). pp. 1–241.

Lillick, L.C. (1937), Seasonal studies of the phytoplankton off Woods Hole, Massachusetts, Biol. Bull. Mar. Biol. Lab. Woods Hole 73: 488–503.

Lindholm, T. (1985), Mesodinium rubrum – a unique photosynthetic ciliate, Adv. Aquat. Microbiol. 3: 1–48.

Lipscomb, D.L. & Riordan, G.P. (1990), The ultrastructure of Chaenea teres and an analysis of the phylogeny of the haptorid ciliates, J. Protozool. 37: 287–300.

Littlepage, J.L. (1968), Plankton investigation in McMurdo Sound, Antarc. J. U.S. 3: 162–163.

Lobban, C. (1986), A new frond-forming colonial Navicula from the Antarctic, Diatom Res. 1: 81–87.

Locker, S. (1973), Coccolithineen aus dem Paläogen Mitteleuropas, Paläobotanik. 3: 735–836.

Loeblich, A.R. Jr & Loeblich III, A.R. (1970), Index to genera, subgenera and sections of the Pyrrophyta [V], Phycologica 9: 199–203.

Loeblich, A.R. Jr & Loeblich, L.A. (1979), The systematics of Gonyaulax with special reference to the toxic species. In Taylor, D.L. & Seliger, H.H. (eds), Toxic Dinoflagellate Blooms. (Elsevier-North Holland, New York). pp. 41–46.

Loeblich, A.R. Jr & Tappan, H. (1978), The coccolithophorid genus Calcidiscus Kamptner and its synonyms, J. Paleontol. 52: 1390–1392.

Loeblich III, A.R. (1965), Dinoflagellate nomenclature, Taxon 14: 15–18.

Loeblich III, A.R. (1967), Notes on the divisions Chlorophtyta, Chrysophyta, Pyrrhophyta and Xanthophyta and the family Parastigaceae, Taxon 16: 230–236.

Loeblich III, A.R. (1970), The amphisema or dinoflagellate cell covering, Proc. N. Amer. Paleont. Conv. Chicago, 1969, G: 867–929.

Loeblich III, A.R. (1976), Dinoflagellate evolution: speculation and evidence, J. Protozool. 23: 13–28.

Loeblich III, A.R. & Smith, V.E. (1968), Chloroplast pigments of the marine dinoflagellate Gyrodinium resplendens, Lipids 3: 5–13.

Loeblich, L.A., Tappan, H. & Loeblich, J.A. (1968), Annotated index of fossil and recent silicoflagellates and Ebridians with descriptions and illustrations of validly proposed taxa, Mem. Geol. Soc. America 106: 1–319.

Lohmann, H. (1902), Die Coccolithophoridae eine Monographie der Coccolithen bildenden flagellaten zugleich ein Betrag zur Kenntnis des Mittlemeerauftriebs, Arch. Protistenk. 1: 89–165.

Lohmann, H. (1908), Untersuchungen zur Feststellung des vollstandingen Gehaltes des Meeres an Plankton, Wiss. Meeresuntersuch., Abt. Keil, Neue Folge, 10: 130–370, 9 pl., 22 text figs.

Lohmann, H. (1912), Untersuchungen über das Pflanzen- und Tierleben der Hochsee, zugleich ein Bericht über die biologischen Arbeiten auf der fahrt der “Deutschland” von Bremerhaven nach Buenos-Aires in der Ziet vom 7 Mai bis 7 September 1911, Veröff. Inst. Meeresk. Univ. Berlin. Neue Folge. A, Geogr.-Naturwiss. Reihe 1: 1–92.

Lucas, I. (1967), Two new marine species of Paraphysomonas, J. Mar. Biol. Assoc. U.K. 47: 329–334.

Lucas, I. (1968), An new member of the Chrysophyceae, bearing polymorphic scales, J. Mar. Biol. Assoc. U.K. 48: 437–441.

Lyngbye, H.C. (1819), Tentamen Hydrophytologiae Danicae. (Gyldendal, Copenhagen).   248 pp.

Lynn, D.H. & Montagnes, D.J.S. (1988), Taxonomic descriptions of some conspicuous species of strobilidiine ciliates (Ciliophora: Choreotrichida) from the Isles of Shoals, Gulf of Maine, J. Mar. Biol. Assoc. U.K. 68: 639–658.

Lynn, D.H., Montagnes, D.J.S. & Small, E.B. (1988), Taxonomic descriptions of some conspicuous species in the family Strombidiidae (Ciliophora: Oligotrichida) from the Isles of Shoals, Gulf of Maine, J. Mar. Biol. Assoc. U.K. 68: 259–276.

Maeda, M. & Carey, P.G. (1985), An illustrated guide to the species of the family Strombidiidae (Oligotrichida, Ciliophora), free-swimming protozoa common in the aquatic environment, Bull. Ocean Res. Inst., Univ. Tokyo 19: 1–68.

Makarova, I.V. (1978), New data to the study of Thalassiosira Cl., (Bacillariophyta) from Atlantic Ocean, Bot. Zurn. S.S.S.R. 63: 907–909.

Makarova, I.V. & Nikolajev, V.A. (1983), Notes on the genus Schimperiella (Bacillariophyta), Bot. Zurn. S.S.S.R. 69: 87–90.

Malin, G. & Kirst, G.O. (1997), Algal production of dimethylsulphide and its atmospheric role, J. Phycol. 33: 889–896.

Malin, G. & Steinke, M. (2004), Dimethyl sulfide production: what is the contribution of the coccolithophores? In Thierstein, H.A. & Young, J.R. (eds). Coccolithophores – From Molecular Processes to Global Impact. (Springer, Berlin).  pp. 127–164.

Malin, G., Liss, P.S. & Turner, S.M. (1994), Dimethylsulfide: production and atmospheric consequences. In Green, J.C. & Leadbeater, B.S.C. (eds), The Haptophyte Algae. (The Systematics Association Special Volume No. 51, Clarendon Press, Oxford). pp. 303–320.

Mamaeva, N.V. (1984), Infusorians of Antarctica, Proc. Acad. Sci. U.S.S.R., Biol. Sci. Sect. 275: 260–261.

Mamaeva, N.V. (1986), Composition and distribution of planktonic infusorians in the Pacific sector of the Antarctic, Soviet J. Mar. Biol. 12: 17–20.

Mamaeva, N.V. (1989), Ciliated protozoa of the Antarctic region of the Atlantic, Dokl. Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R. 308: 503–504.

Mandra, Y. (1969), Silicoflagellates: A new tool for the study of Antarctic Tertiary climates, Antarc. J. U.S. 4: 172–174.

Mangin, L. (1914), Sur le polymorphism de certaines Diatomées de l‘Antarctique, Compt. Rend. Hebd. Séances Acad. Sci. 159: 476–484.

Mangin, L. (1915), Phytoplancton de l‘Antarctique, Documents Scientifiques du Deuxième Expédition Antarctique Française 1908–1910, Commandée par le Dr Jean Charcot, Sciences Naturelles. pp. 1–95, 93 pl.

Mangin, L. (1917), Sur le Chaetoceros criophilus Castr., espèce caractéristique des mers antarctique, Compt. Rend. Hebd. Séances Acad. Sci. 164: 1–9.

Mangin, L. (1926), Phytoplankton Antarctique, Exped. Antarc. Scotia 1902–1904: 1–134.

Manguin, E. (1954), Diatomées marines provenant de l‘Île Heard (Australian National Antarctic Research Expedition), Rev. Algol. 1: 14–24.

Manguin, E. (1957), Premier inventaire des Diatomées de la Terre Adélie Antarctique. Espèces nouvelles, Rev. Algol. 3: 111–134.

Manguin, E. (1960), Les Diatomées de la Terre Adélie. Campagne du ‘Commandant Charcot’ 1949–1950, Ann. Sci. Nat. Bot., sér. A, Bot., 12: 223–364.

Mann, A. (1907), Report on the diatoms of the Albatross voyages in the Pacific Ocean, 1888–1904, Contrib. U.S. Natl Herb. 10: 217–442.

Mann, A. (1925), Marine diatoms of the Philippine Islands, Bull. U.S. Natl Mus. 100, 6: 1–182, 39 pl.

Mann, A. (1937), Diatoms, Australasian Antarctic Expedition 1911–1914, Sci. Rep., Ser. C. 1: 1–82.

Manton, I. (1978), Chrysochromulina hirta sp. nov., a widely distributed species with unusual spines, Brit. Phycol. J. 13: 3–14.

Manton, I. & Bremer, G. (1981), Observations on lorica structure and aspects of replication in the Pleurasiga sphyrelata Thomsen complex (= Polyfibula spp. gen. n.), Zool. Scr. 10: 273–291.

Manton, I. & Leadbeater, B.S.C. (1974), Fine structural observations on six species of Chrysochromulina from wild Danish marine nanoplankton, including a description of C. campanulifera sp. nov. and a preliminary summary of the nanoplankton as a whole, Kongel. Danske Vidensk.-Selsk. Skr. 20: 1–26, pl. I–XII.

Manton, I. & Oates, K. (1975), Fine structural observations on Papposphaera Tangen from the southern hemisphere and on Pappomonas gen. nov. from South Africa and Greenland, Brit. Phycol. J. 10: 93–109.

Manton, I. & Oates, K. (1979a), Further observations on Calliacantha Leadbeater (Choanoflagellata), with special reference to C. simplex sp. nov. from many parts of the world, Proc. Roy. Soc. London, Ser. B, Biol. Sci. 204: 287–300.

Manton, I. & Oates, K. (1979b), Further observations on choanoflagellates in the genus Calliacantha Leadbeater, with special reference to C. multispina sp. nov. from South Africa and Britain, J. Mar. Biol. Assoc. U.K. 59: 207–213.

Manton, I. & Oates, K. (1983a), Nanoplankton from the Galapagos Islands: Chrysochrom-ulina vexillifera sp. nov. (Haptophyceae = Prymnesiophyceae) a species with semivestigial body spines, Bot. Mar. 26: 517–525.

Manton, I. & Oates, K. (1983b), Nanoplankton from the Galapagos Islands: Two genera of spectacular coccolithophorids (Ophiaster and Calciopappus) with special emphasis on unmineralised periplast components, Philos. Trans., Ser. B., 300: 435–462.

Manton, I. & Parke, M. (1960), Further observations on small green flagellates with reference to possible relatives to Chromulina pusilla Butcher, J. Mar. Biol. Assoc. U.K. 45: 214–255.

Manton, I. & Parke, M. (1962), Preliminary observations on scales and their mode of origin in Chrysochromulina polylepis sp. nov., J. Mar. Biol. Assoc. U.K. 42: 565–578.

Manton, I., Sutherland, J. & Leadbeater, B.S.C. (1975), Four new species of choano-flagellates from arctic Canada, Proc. Roy. Soc. London, Ser. B, Biol. Sci. 189: 15–27.

Manton, I., Sutherland, J. & Leadbeater, B.S.C. (1976a), Further observations on the fine structure of marine collared flagellates (Choanoflagellata) from arctic Canada and west Greenland: species of Parvicorbicula and Pleurasiga, Canad. J. Bot. 54: 1932–1955.

Manton, I., Sutherland, J. & McCully, M. (1976b), Fine structural observations on coccolithophorids from South Alaska in the genera Papposphaera Tangen and Pappomonas Manton and Oates, Brit. Phycol. J. 11: 225–238.

Manton, I., Sutherland, J. & Oates, K. (1976c), Arctic coccolithophorids: two species of Turrisphaera gen. nov. from West Greenland, Alaska and the North West Passage, Proc. Roy. Soc. London, Ser. B, Biol. 194: 179–194.

Manton, I., Sutherland, J. & Oates, K. (1977), Arctic coccolithophorids: Wigwamma arctica gen. et sp. nov. from Greenland and arctic Canada, W. annulifera sp. nov. from South Africa and South Alaska and Calciaris alaskensis gen. et sp. nov. from S. Alaska, Proc. Roy. Soc. London, Ser. B, Biol., 197: 145–168.

Manton, I., Sutherland, J. & Oates, K. (1980), A reinvestigation of collared flagellates in the genus Bicosta Leadbeater with special reference to correlations with climate, Philos. Trans., Ser. B, 290: 431–447.

Marchant, H.J. (1985a), Antarctic marine phytoplankton, Zeiss Info. 28: 8–11.

Marchant, H.J. (1985b), Choanoflagellates in the Antarctic marine food chain. In Siegfried, W.R., Condy, P.R. &. Laws, R.M. (eds), Antarctic Nutrient Cycles and Food Webs. (Springer-Verlag, Berlin & Heidelberg). pp. 271–276.

Marchant, H.J. (1988), Chrysochromulina in the Southern Ocean: species composition, distribution and phagocytosis. In: 5th SCR Symposium on Antarctic Biology (Abstracts), 104 pp., Hobart.

Marchant, H.J. (1993), Antarctic marine nanoplankton, Curr. Top. Bot. Res. 1: 189–201.

Marchant H.J. & Murphy, E.J. (1993), Interactions at the base of the food web. In El-Sayed, S.Z. (ed.), Southern Ocean Ecology. The BIOMASS Perspective. (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge). pp. 267–285.

Marchant, H.J. & Perrin, R. (1986), Planktonic choanoflagellates from two Antarctic lakes including the descrition of Spiraloecion didymocostatum gen. et sp. nov., Polar Biol. 5: 207–210.

Marchant, H.J. & Perrin, R. (1990), Seasonal variation in abundance and species composition of choanoflagellates (Acanthoecidae) at Antarctic coastal sites, Polar Biol. 10: 499–505.

Marchant, H.J. & Scott, F.J. (1993), Uptake of sub-micrometre particles and dissolved organic material by Antarctic choanoflagellates, Mar. Ecol. Progr. Ser. 92: 59–64.

Marchant, H.J. & Thomas, D.P. (1983), Polylysine as an adhesive for the attachment of nanoplankton to substrates for electron microscopy, J. Microscop. 131: 240–242.

Marchant, H.J. & Thomsen, H.A. (1994), Haptophytes in polar waters. In Green, J.C. & Leadbeater, B.S.C. (eds), The Haptophyte Algae. (The Systematics Association Special Volume No. 51, Clarendon Press, Oxford). pp. 209–228.

Marchant, H.J., Davidson, A.T. & Wright, S.W. (1987a), The distribution and abundance of chroococcoid cyanobacteria in the Southern Ocean, Proc. NIPR Symp. Polar Biol. 1: 1–9.

Marchant, H.J., van den Hoff, J. & Burton, H.R. (1987b), Loricate choanoflagellates from Ellis Fjord, Antarctica including the description of Acanthocorbis tintinnabulum sp. nov., Proc. NIPR Symp. Polar Biol. 1: 10–22.

Marchant, H.J., Buck, K.R., Garrison, D.[L.] & Thomsen, H.A. (1989), Mantoniella in Antarctic waters including the description of M. antarctica sp. nov. (Prasinophyceae), J. Phycol. 25: 167–174.

Marchant, H.J., Bowman, J., Gibson, J., Laybourne-Parry, J. & McMinn, A. (2002), Aquatic microbiology: the ANARE perspective. In Marchant, H.J., Lugg, D.J. & Quilty, P.G. (eds), Australian Antarctic Science. The First 50 years of ANARE. (Australian Antarctic Division, Hobart). pp. 237–269.

Markali, J. & Paasche, E. (1955), On two species of Umbellosphaera, a new marine coccolithophorid genus, Nytt Mag. Bot. 4: 95–100.

Marlowe, I.T., Brassell, S.C., Eglinton, G. & Green, J.C. (1990), Long-chain alkenones and alkyl alkenoates and the fossil coccolith record of marine sediments, Chem. Geol. 88:   349–375.

Massutí Alzamora, M. (1929), Contribución al estudio de los infusorios de la bahía de Palma de Mallorca. Nota segunda, Notas Res. Inst. Esp. Oceanogr., ser. 2, 32: 1–16.

Mathot, S., Becquevort, S. & Lancelot, C. (1991), Microbial communities from the sea ice and adjacent water column at the time of ice melting in the northwestern part of the Weddell Sea, Polar Res. 10: 267–275.

Matthes, D. (1956), Suktorienstudien VIII. Thecacineta calix (Schröder 1907) (Thecacin-etidae nov. fam.) und ihre Fortpflanzung durch Vermoid-Schwärmer, Arch. Protistenk. 101: 477–528.

Matzenauer, L. (1933), Die Dinoflagellaten des Indisches Ozeans, Bot. Arch. 35: 437–510.

Maupas, E. (1883), Contributions à l‘étude morphologique et anatomique des infusoires Ciliés, Arch. Zool. Exp. Gén. 1: 427–664.

Mayes, D.F., Rogerson, A., Marchant, H.J. & Laybourn-Parry, J. (1998), Temporal abundance of naked bacterivore amoebae in coastal East Antarctica, Estuarine Coastal Shelf Sci. 46: 565–572.

McConville, M. & Wetherbee, R. (1983), The bottom-ice microalgal community from annual ice in the inshore waters of Eastern Antarctica, J. Phycol. 19: 431–139.

McConville, M., Mitchell, C. & Wetherbee, R. (1985), Patterns of carbon assimilation in a microalgal community from annual sea ice, East Antarctica, Polar Biol. 4: 135–141.

McFadden, G.I., Moestrup, Ø. & Wetherbee, R. (1982), Pyramimonas gelidicola sp. nov. (Prasinophyceae), a new species isolated from Antarctic sea ice, Phycologia 21: 103–111.

McFadden, G.I., Hill, D.R.A. & Wetherbee, R. (1986), A study of the genus Pyramimonas (Prasinophyceae) from south-eastern Australia, Nordic J. Bot. 6: 209–234.

McIntyre, A. & Bé, A. (1967), Modern coccolithophores of the Atlantic Ocean – I. Placolith and cyrtoliths, Deep-Sea Res. 14: 561–597.

McKenzie, C.H. & Cox, E.R. (1991), Spatial and seasonal changes in the species composition of armored dinoflagellates in the Southwestern Atlantic Ocean, Polar Biol. 11: 139–144.

McMinn, A. & Hodgson, D. (1993), Summer phytoplankton succession in Ellis Fjord eastern Antarctica, J. Plankton Res. 15: 925–938.

Medlin, L.K. (1990), Family Naviculaceae: The genus Pseudogomphonema. In Medlin, L.K. & Priddle, J. (eds), Polar Marine Diatoms. (British Antarctic Survey, Cambridge). pp. 157–158.

Medlin, L.K. & Hasle, G.R. (1990a), Family Auriculaceae and Family Bacillariaceae. In Medlin, L.K. & Priddle, J. (eds), Polar Marine Diatoms. (British Antarctic Survey, Cambridge). pp. 159–168.

Medlin, L.[K.] & Hasle, G.[R.] (1990b), Some Nitzschia and related diatom species from fast ice samples in the Arctic and Antarctic, Polar Biol. 10: 451–479.

Medlin, L.K. & Priddle, J. (eds) (1990), Marine Polar Diatoms. (British Antarctic Survey, Cambridge). 214 pp.

Medlin, L.K. & Round, F.E. (1986), Taxonomic studies of marine gomphonemoid diatoms, Diatom Res. 1: 205–225.

Medlin, L.[K.], Lange, M. & Baumann, M. (1994), Genetic differentiation among three colony-forming species of Phaeocystis: further evidence for the phylogeny of the Prymnesiophyta, Phycologia 33: 199–212.

Meisterfeld, R. (2002), Testate amoebae with filopodia. In Lee, J.J., Leedale, G.F. & Bradbury, P. (eds), The Illustrated Guide to the Protozoa. 2nd edn. (Society of Protozoologists, Allen Press, Lawrence). pp. 1054–1084.

Mereschkowsky, C. (1879), Studien über Protozoen des nördlichen Russland, Arch. Mikrosk. Anat. 16: 153–248.

Mereschkowsky, C. (1901), A list of Californian diatoms, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 7, 7: 292–300, 474–480, 505–520, pl. 4–5.

Mereschkowsky, C. (1902), Listes des Diatomées de la Mer Noire, Scr. Bot. Horti Univ. Petropol. 19: 1–42.

Merkle, H. (1909), Untersuchungen an Tintinnodeen der Ost- und Nordsee, Wiss. Meeresuntersuch., Abt. Helgoland 11: 139–186.

Meunier, A. (1910), Microplankton des Mers de Barents et de Kara. Duc. d‘Orléans: Campagne Arctique de 1907. (Bullens, Brussels). 355 pp., 36 plates.

Meunier, A. (1919), Microplankton de la Mer de Flamande. Les tintinnidés et coetera, Mém. Mus. Roy. Hist. Nat. Belgique 8: 1–59.

Mills, F.W. (1933–35), An Index to the Genera and Species of the Diatomaceae and their Synonyms 1816–1832. (Wheldon & Wesley, London). 1726 pp.

Möbius, K. (1888), Bruchstücke einer Infusorienfauna der Kieler Bucht, Arch. Naturgesch. 54: 81–116.

Moestrup, Ø. (1979), Identification by electron microscopy of marine nanoplankton from New Zealand, including the description of four new species, New Zealand J. Bot. 17: 61–95.

Moestrup, Ø. & Thomsen, H. (1990), Dictyocha speculum (Silicoflagellata, Dictyophyceae). (Royal Danish Academy of Sciences and Letters, Copenhagen). 57 pp.

Moestrup, Ø. & Throndson, J. (1988), Light and electron microscopical studies on Pseudoscourfeldia marina, a primitive scaly green flagellate (Prasinophyceae) with posterior flagella, Canad. J. Bot. 66: 1415–1434.

Moisan, T. & Fryxell, G.A. (1993), The distribution of Antarctic diatoms in the Weddell Sea during austral winter, Bot. Mar. 36: 489–497.

Montagnes, D.J.S. & Lynn, D.H. (1987), A quantitative protargol stain (QPS) for ciliates: method description and test of its quantitative nature, Mar. Microbial Food Webs 2: 83–93.

Montagnes, D.J.S. & Taylor, F.J.R. (1994), The salient features of five marine ciliates in the class Spirotrichea (Oligotrichia), with notes on their culturing and behaviour, J. Eukaryot. Microbiol. 41: 569–586.

Montagnes, D.J.S., Taylor, F.J.R. & Lynn, D.H. (1990), Strombidium inclinatum n. sp. and a reassessment of Strombidium sulcatum Claparède and Lachmann (Ciliophora), J. Protozool. 37: 318–323.

Montagnes, D.J.S., Lynn, D.H., Stoecker, D.K. & Small, E.B. (1988), Taxonomic descriptions of one new species and redescription of four species in the family Strombidiidae (Ciliophora, Oligotrichida), J. Protozool. 35: 189–197.

Monti, M. & Fonda Umani, S. (1995), Tintinnids in Terra Nova Bay-Ross Sea during two austral summers (1987/88 and 1989/90), Acta Protozool. 34: 193–201.

Monti, M. & Fonda Umani, S. (2000), Distribution of the main microzooplankton taxa in the Ross Sea (Antarctica): austral summer 1994. In Faranda, F.M., Guglielmo, L. & Ianora, A. (eds), Ross Sea Ecology. (Springer-Verlag, Berlin). pp. 275–289.

Montressor, M., Lovejoy, C., Orsini, L., Procaccani, G. & Roy, S. (2003), Bipolar distribution of the cyst-forming dinoflagellate Polarella glacialis, Polar Biol. 26: 186–194.

Montressor, M., Procaccani, G. & Stoecker, D.K. (1999), Polarella glacialis gen. et sp. nov. (Dinophyceae): Suessiaceae are still alive! J. Phycol. 35: 186–197.

Moore, B. & Bolin, B. (1987), The oceans, carbon dioxide and global climate change, Oceanus 29: 9–15.

Morgan, W. De (1925), Some marine ciliates living in the laboratory tanks at Plymouth, with a description of a new species, Holophrya coronata, J. Mar. Biol. Assoc. U.K. 13: 600–658.

Morley, J.J. & Stephien, J.C. (1985), Antarctic Radiolaria in late winter/early spring Weddell Sea waters, Micropaleontology 31: 365–371.

Moro, I., La Rocca, N., Dalla Valle, L., Moschin, E., Negrisolo, E. & Andreoli, C. (2002), Pyramimonas australis sp. nov. (Prasinophyceae, Chlorophyta) from Antarctica: fine structure and molecular phylogeny, Eur. J. Phycol. 37: 103–114.

Mugard, H. (1949), Contribution à l‘étude des infusoires hyménostomes histiophages, Ann. Sci. Nat. Zool. 10: 171–269.

Mulisch, M., Harry, O.G., Patterson, D.J. & Wyatt, C. (1986), Folliculinids (Ciliata: Heterotrichida) from Portaferry, Co Down, including a new species of Metafolliculina Dons, 1924, Irish Naturalists’ J. 22: 1–7.

Müller, O. (1877a), Eine vorläufige Mitteilung über pelagische Formen von Diatomaceen aus dem südlichen Eismeere, Sitzungsber. Ges. Naturf. Freunde Berlin 20 February 1877:   190–120.

Müller, O. (1877b), Mitteilungen über pelagische Formen von Bacillariaceen aus dem südlichen Eismeere, Sitzungsber. Ges. Naturf. Freunde Berlin 15 May 1877: 163–170.

Müller, O. (1905), Bacillariaceen aus dem Nyassalande und einigen benachbarten Gebieten III, Folge, Naviculoideae-Naviculeae-Gomphonemine-Gomphocymbellinae-Cymbellinae. Nitzschioideae-Nitzschieae, Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 36(1/2): 137–206.

Müller, O.F. (1773), Vermium Terrestrium et Fluviatilium, seu Animalium Infusorium, Helminthicorum et Testaceorum, non Marinorum, succincta Historia. (Heineck & Faber, Hauniae). 135 pp.

Müller, O.F. (1776), Zoologiae Danicae Prodromus, seu Animalium Daniae et Norvegiae Indigenarum Characteres, Nomina, et Synonyma Imprimis Popularium. (Hallageri, Hauniae). 282 pp.

Müller, O.F. (1786), Animalcula Infusoria Fluviatilia et Marina, quae Detexit, Systematice Descripsit et ad Vivum Delineari Curavit. (Mölleri, Hauniae). 367 pp.

Mullins, B. & Priddle, J. (1987), Relationships between phytoplankton and bacteria in the Bransfield Strait and the Southern Drake Passage, Bull. Brit. Antarc. Surv. 76: 51–64.

Murray, G. & Blackman, V.H. (1898), On the nature of Coccospheres and Rhabdospheres, Philos. Trans., Ser. B, 190: 427–441.

Newell, G.E. & Newell, R.C. (1977), Marine Plankton, a Practical Guide. (Hutchinson, London). 220 pp.

Nikolajev, V.A. (1983), O rode Symbolophora (Bacillariophyta), Bot. Zurn. S.S.S.R. 68: 1123–1128.

Nishida, S. (1979), Atlas of Pacific nanoplanktons, News Osaka Micropaleontol. Spec. Pap. 3: 1–31, pl. 1–23.

Nishida, S. (1986), Nannoplankton flora in the Southern Ocean, with special reference to siliceous varieties, Mem. Natl Inst. Polar Res., Special Issue 40: 56–68.

Nitzsch, C.L. (1817), Beitrag zur Infusorienkunde oder Naturbeschreibung der Zerkarien und Bazillarien, Neue Schriften Naturf. Ges. Halle 3(1): 1–128.

Norman, G. (1859), List of diatoms occurring in the neighbourhood of Hull, Trans. Microscop. Soc. London, n. ser., 1: 1–23.

Norris, R.[E.] (1965), Neustonic marine Craspedomonadales (Choanoflagellates) from Washington and California, J. Protozool. 12: 589–602.

Norris, R.E. (1980), Prasinophytes. In Cox, E.R. (ed.), Phytoflagellates. (Elsevier-North Holland, New York). pp. 85–145.

Norris, R.E. (1985), Indian Ocean nannoplankton. II. Holococcolithophorids (Calyptro-sphaeraceae, Prymnesiophyceae) with a review of extant genera, J. Phycol. 21: 619–641.

Norton, T.A., Melkonian, M. & Anderson, R.A. (1996), Algal biodiversity, Phycologia 35: 308–326.

Nothig, E. & Nothig, M. (1988), On the ecology of the phytoplankton in the southeastern Weddell Sea (Antarctica) in January/February 1985, Ber. Polarforsch. 53: 1–118.

Okada, H. & McIntyre, A. (1977), Modern coccolithophores of the Pacific and North Atlantic Oceans, Micropaleontology 23: 1–55.

Okamoto, T. & Takahashi, E. (1984), Taxonomy and distribution of some Ceratium species in the Antarctic Ocean, Mem. Natl Inst. Polar Res., Special Issue 32: 14–19.

Okamoto, T., Zenimoto, M., Komaki, Y. & Takahashi, E. (1986), Occurrence of armoured dinophytes along the longitude of 75°E in the Antarctic Ocean (extended abstract), Mem. Natl Inst. Polar Res., Special Issue 40: 1–83.

Okuno, H. (1952), Electron-microscopical study on Antarctic diatoms III, J. Jap. Bot. 27: 347–356.

Okuno, H. (1953), Electron-microscopical study on Antarctic diatoms IV, J. Jap. Bot. 28: 171–178.

Okuno, H. (1954a), Electron-microscopical study on Antarctic diatoms V, J. Jap. Bot. 29: 18–25.

Okuno, H. (1954b), Electron-microscopical study on Antarctic diatoms VI, J. Jap. Bot. 29: 271–277.

O‘Meara, E. (1877), On the diatomaceous gatherings made at Kerguelen’s Land, J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 15: 55–59.

Ostenfeld, C.[H.] (1899), Plankton. In Knudsen, M. & Ostenfeld, C.[H.] (eds), Iagttagelser over overfladevants Temperature, Saltoldighet og Plankton paa Islandske og Grönlandske Skibsrouter I 1899. (Bianco Luno, Copenhagen). pp. 1–93.

Ostenfeld, C.H. (1900), Über Coccosphaera und einige neue Tintinniden im Plankton des nordlichen Atlantischen Oceans, Zool. Anz. 22: 433–439.

Ostenfeld, C.H. (1901), Phytoplankton fra det Kaspiske Hav (Phytoplankton from the Caspian Sea), Vidensk. Meddel. Dansk Naturhist. Foren. Kjøbenhavn 1900: 129–139.

Ostenfeld, C.H. (1903), Marine plankton diatoms. In J.Schmidt (ed.), Flora of Koh Chang. Contributions to the knowledge of the vegetation of the Gulf of Siam, Bot. Tidsskr. 25: 6.

Ostenfeld, C.H. (1906), Phytoplankton of the Faeroes, Bot. Tidsskr. 28: 1–142.

Ostenfeld, C.H. (1908), In Borgert, A. (1908), Bericht über eine Reise nach östafrika und dem Victoria Nyansa nebst Bemerkungen über einen kurzen Aufenthalt auf Ceylon, Sitzungs-Ber. Naturwiss. Abt. Niederrhein. Ges. Nat. Helikunde Bonn 1907: 12–33.

Ostenfeld, C.H. & Schmidt, J. (1902), Plankton fra det Rode Hav og Adenbugten, Vidensk. Meddel. Dansk Naturhist. Foren. Kjøbenhavn 1901: 141–182.

Østrup, E. (1895), Marine Diatoméer fra Østgrønland, Meddel. Grønland 18: 395–476.

Paasche, E. (1961), Notes on phytoplankton from the Norwegian Sea, Bot. Mar. 2: 197–210, 4 pl.

Paddock, T.B.B. (1988), Plagiotropus and Tropidoneis Cleve, a summary account, Biblioth. Diatomol. 16: 1–152.

Paddock, T.B.B. (1990), Family Naviculaceae: The genera Plagiotropus, Banquisia, Membraneis and Manguinea. In Medlin, L.K. & Priddle, J. (eds), Polar Marine Diatoms. (British Antarctic Survey, Cambridge). pp. 151–155.

Paddock, T.B.B. & Sims, P.A. (1980), Observations on the marine diatom genus Auricula and two genera, Undatella and Proboscidea, Bacillaria 3: 161–196.

Palmisano, A.C. & Garrison, D.L. (1993), Microorganisms in Antarctic sea-ice. In Friedmann, E.I. (ed.), Antarctic Microbiology. (Wiley-Liss, New York). pp. 169–218.

Pantocseck, J. (1886), Beiträge zur Kenntnis der fossilen Bacillarien Ungarns. Tiel I: Marine Bacillarien. (W.Junk, Berlin). 74 pp., 30 pl.

Parke, M. & Adams, I. (1960), The motile (Crystallolithus hyalinus Gaarder and Markali) and non-motile phases in the life history of Coccolithus pelagicus (Wallich) Schiller, J. Mar. Biol. Assoc. U.K. 39: 263–274.

Parke, M. & Dixon, P.S. (1976), Check-list of British marine algae – third revision, J. Mar. Biol. Assoc. U.K. 56: 527–594.

Parke, M. & Dodge, J.D. (1976), Dinophyta. In Parke, M. & Dixon, P.S. (eds), Check-list of British marine algae – third revision, J. Mar. Biol. Assoc. U.K. 56: 542–551.

Parke, M., Green, J. & Manton, I. (1971), Observations on the fine structure of zooids of the genus Phaeocystis (Haptophyceae), J. Mar. Biol. Assoc. U.K. 51: 927–941.

Parke, M., Manton, I. & Clarke, B. (1956), Studies on marine flagellates III. Three further species of Chrysochromulina, J. Mar. Biol. Assoc. U.K. 35: 387–414.

Parke, M., Manton, I. & Clarke, B. (1958), Studies on marine flagellates. IV. Morphology and microanatomy of a new species of Chrysochromulina, J. Mar. Biol. Assoc. U.K. 37: 209–228.

Parke, M., Boalch, G.T., Jowett, R. & Harbour, D.S. (1978), The genus Pterosperma (Prasinophyceae): Species with a single equatorial ala, J. Mar. Biol. Assoc. U.K. 58: 239–276.

Pascher, A. (1927), Neue oder wenig bekannte Flagellaten. XVII, Arch. Protistenk.            58: 577–598.

Patrick, R. & Reimer, C. (1975), The diatoms of the United States 2(1), Monogr. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 13: 1–213.

Patterson, D.J. (1989), Stramenopiles: chromophytes from a protistan perspective. In Leadbeater, B.S.C. & Diver, W.L. (eds), Chromophyte Algae, Problems and Perspectives. (Clarendon Press, Oxford). pp. 357–379.

Patterson, D.J. & Fenchel, T. (1985), Insights into the evolution of heliozoa (Protozoa, Sarcodina) as provided by ultrastructural studies on a new species of flagellate from the genus Pteridomonas, Biol. J. Linn. Soc. 34: 381–403.

Patterson, D.J. & Hedley, S. (1992), Free-living Freshwater Protozoa. A Colour Guide. (Wolfe, London). 223 pp.

Patterson, D.J. & Larsen, J. (eds) (1991), The Free Biology of Free-living Heterotrophs. (The Systematics Association, Special Volume Number 45, Clarendon Press, Oxford). 505 pp.

Patterson, D.J., Nygaard, K., Steinberg, G. & Turley, C.M. (1993), Heterotrophic flagellates and other protists associated with oceanic detritus throughout the water column in the mid North Atlantic, J. Mar. Biol. Assoc. U.K. 73: 67–95.

Patterson, D.J., Simpson A.G.B. & Rogerson, A. (2002), Amoebae of uncertain affinities. In Lee, J.J., Leedale, G.F. & Bradbury, P. (eds), The Illustrated Guide to the Protozoa. 2nd edn. (Society of Protozoologists, Allen Press, Lawrence). pp. 804–827.

Paulsen, O. (1904), Plankton-investigations in the waters around Iceland in 1903, Meddel. Komm. Havundersøg., Ser. Plankton 1(1): 1–39.

Paulsen, O. (1907), The Peridiniales of Danish waters, Meddel. Komm. Havundersøg., Ser. Plankton 1(5): 1–26.

Pavillard, J. (1913), Le Genre Diplopsalis Bergh et les Genres Voisins. (Published by the author, Montpellier). 12 pp.

Pavillard, J. (1916), Recherches sur les Péridiniens du Golfe du Lion, Trav. Inst. Bot. Univ. Montpellier 4: 9–68.

Pelletan, J. (1889), Les Diatomées: Histoire naturelle, préparation, classification et description des principales espèces, J. Microgr. 2: 1–264, pl. 6–10, figs 265–463.

Penard, E. (1904), Les Héliozoaires des environs de Genève, Rev. Suisse Zool. 9: 279–305.

Pennick, N.C. & Clarke, K.J. (1972), Paraphysomonas butcheri sp. nov., a marine colourless scale-bearing member of the Chrysophyceae, Brit. Phycol. J. 7: 45–48.

Peragallo, H. (1888), Diatomées de la Baie de Villefranche, Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Toulouse 22: 1–100.

Peragallo, H. (1892), Monographie du genre Rhizosolenia et des quelques genres voisins, Diatomiste 1: 79–82, 99–117.

Peragallo, H. & Peragallo, M. (1897–1908), Diatomées Marines de France et des Districts Maritimes Voisins. Tempère, M.J. (Micrographie-Éditeur, Grez-sur-Loing). text I–XII, 492 pp., pl. 1–35 (48 pp.).

Peragallo, M. (ed.) (1921), Diatomées d‘Eau Douce et Diatomées d‘Eau Salée. (Masson, Paris). 98 pp., pl. 1–4.

Perrin, R., Lu, P. & Marchant, H.J. (1987), Seasonal variation in marine phytoplankton and ice algae at a shallow Antarctic coast site, Hydrobiol. Mar. 146: 33–46.

Perriss, S.J., Laybourn-Parry, J. & Marchant, H.J. (1993), Mesodinium rubrum (Myrionecta rubra) in an Antarctic brackish lake, Arch. Hydrobiol. 128: 57–64.

Perriss, S.J., Laybourn-Parry, J. & Marchant, H.J. (1995), Widespread occurrence of the unique autotrophic ciliate Mesodinium rubrum (Ciliophora, Haptorida) in brackish and saline lakes of the Vestfold Hills (eastern Antarctica), Polar Biol. 15: 423–438.

Peters, N. (1928), Die Peridineen Bevölkerung der Weddellsee mit besonderer Berück-sichtigung der Wachstums- und Variationsformen, Int. Rev. Gesamten. Hydrobiol. Hydrogr. 21: 18–146.

Peters, N. (1929), Beiträge zur Planktonbevölkerung der Weddell-Sea. Die Triphyleen Radiolarien der Weddell-Sea, Int. Rev. Gesamten. Hydrobiol. Hydrogr. 21: 383–401.

Petersen, J.B. & Hansen, J.B. (1960), On some neuston organisms II, Bot. Tidsskr. 56:    197–234.

Petz, W. (1994), Morphology and morphogenesis of Strombidium kryalis nov. spec. (Ciliophora, Strombidiida) from Antarctic sea ice, Arch. Protistenk. 144: 185–195.

Petz, W. (1995), Morphology and morphogenesis of Thigmokeronopsis antarctica nov. spec. and T. crystallis nov. spec. (Ciliophora, Hypotrichida) from Antarctic sea ice, Eur. J. Protistol. 31: 137–147.

Petz, W. (1997), Ecology of the active soil microfauna (Protozoa, Metazoa) of Wilkes Land, East Antarctica, Polar Biol. 18: 33–44.

Petz, W. (1999), Ciliophora. In Boltovskoy, D. (ed.), South Atlantic Zooplankton. (Backhuys, Leiden). pp. 265–319.

Petz, W. (2001), Ciliate biodiversity and population dynamics in sea ice of the Ross Sea, Antarctica, VIII SCAR Int. Biol. Symp., Amsterdam, Book of Abstracts, S5P41.

Petz, W. (2003), Ciliate biodiversity in Antarctic and Arctic freshwater habitats – a bipolar comparison, Eur. J. Protistol. 39: 491–494.

Petz, W. & Foissner, W. (1992), Morphology and morphogenesis of Strobilidium caudatum (Fromentel), Meseres corlissi n. sp., Halteria grandinella (Müller), and Strombidium rehwaldi n. sp., and a proposed phylogenetic system for oligotrich ciliates (Protozoa, Ciliophora), J. Protozool. 39: 159–176.

Petz, W. & Foissner, W. (1997), Morphology and infraciliature of some soil ciliates (Protozoa, Ciliophora) from continental Antarctica, with notes on the morphogenesis of Sterkiella histriomuscorum, Polar Rec. 33: 307–326.

Petz, W., Song, W. & Wilbert, N. (1995), Taxonomy and ecology of the ciliate fauna (Protozoa, Ciliophora) in the endopagial and pelagial of the Weddell Sea, Antarctica, Stapfia 40: 1–223.

Pienaar, R.N. (1980), Chrysophytes. In Cox, E.R. (ed.), Phytoflagellates (Elsevier-North Holland, New York). pp. 213–242.

Pienaar, R.N. & Bandu, V. (1984), A new species of Chrysochromulina (Prymnesiophyceae) from Natal inshore waters, Proc. Elect. Microscop. Soc. Southern Africa 14: 65–66.

Poche, F. (1913), Das System der Proterozoa, Arch. Protistenk. 30: 125–321.

Pouchet, G. (1883), Contribution à l‘histoire des Cilio-Flagelles, J. Anat. Physiol., Paris 19: 399–455.

Poulin, M. (1990), Family Naviculaceae: Arctic species. In Medlin, L.K. & Priddle, J. (eds), Polar Marine Diatoms. (British Antarctic Survey, Cambridge). pp. 137–149.

Poulin, M. & Cardinal, A. (1982), Sea ice diatoms from Manitounuk Sound, Hudson Bay (Quebec, Canada). II. Naviculaceae, genus Navicula, Canad. J. Bot. 60: 2825–2845.

Poulin, M. & Cardinal, A. (1983), Sea ice diatoms from Manitounuk Sound, Hudson Bay (Quebec, Canada). III. Cymbellaceae, Entomoneidaceae, Gomphonemataceae, and Nitzschiaceae, Canad. J. Bot. 61: 107–118.

Powers, P.B.A. (1932), Cyclotrichium meunieri sp. nov. (Protozoa, Ciliata); cause of red water in the Gulf of Maine, Biol. Bull. 63: 74–80.

Prahl, F.G. & Wakeham, S.G. (1987), Calibration of unsaturation patterns in long-chain ketone compositions for palaeotemperature assessment, Nature 330: 367–369.

Prahl, F.G., Muehlhausen, L.A. & Zahnle, D.L. (1988), Further evaluation of long-chain alkenones as indicators of paleoceanographic conditions, Geochem. Cosmochem. Acta 52: 2303–2310.

Preisig, H.R. & Hibberd, D.J. (1982a), Ultrastructure and taxonomy of Paraphysomonas (Chrysophyceae) and related genera. 1, Nordic J. Bot. 2: 397–420.

Preisig, H.R. & Hibberd, D.J. (1982b), Ultrastructure and taxonomy of Paraphysomonas (Chrysophyceae) and related genera. 2, Nordic J. Bot. 2: 601–638.

Preisig, H.R., Vørs, N. & Hällfors, G. (1991), Diversity of heterotrophic heterokont flagellates. In Patterson, D.J. & Larsen, J. (eds), The Biology of Free-living Heterotrophic Flagellates. (The Systematics Association, Clarendon Press, Oxford). pp. 361–399.

Priddle, J. (1985), Species composition of net phytoplankton from Drake Passage, Bransfield Strait and Scotia Sea during summer, 1982, Meeresforschung 30: 240–250.

Priddle, J. & Fryxell, G.A. (1985), Handbook of the Common Plankton Diatoms of the Southern Ocean, Centrales except the Genus Thalassiosira. (British Antarctic Survey, Cambridge). 159 pp.

Priddle, J. & Thomas, G. (1989), Coscinodiscus bouvet Karsten – a distinctive diatom which may be an indicator of changes in the Southern Ocean, Polar Biol. 9: 161–167.

Priddle, J., Jordan, R.W. & Medlin, L.K. (1990), Family Rhizosoleniaceae. In Medlin, L.K. & Priddle, J. (eds), Polar Marine Diatoms. (British Antarctic Survey, Cambridge). pp. 115–127.

Pritchard, R. (1861), A History of the Infusoria, including the Desmidiaceae and Diatomaceae, British and Foreign. 4th edn. (Whittaker, London). 968 pp., 40 pl.

Proschkina-Lavrenko, A.I. (1955a), Relicatae diatomeae planktoni e Maris Nigri, Bot. Mater. Odt. Sporov. Rast. Bot. Inst. Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R. 10: 45–68.

Proschkina-Lavrenko, A.I. (1955b), Diatomovye vodorosli planktona Chernogo Morya. (Izdatel’stvo Akademia Nauk, Moscow and Leningrad). 222 pp.

Quennerstedt, A. (1869), Bidrag till Sveriges infusorie-fauna. III, Acta Univ. Lund 6: 1–35.

Quilty, P.G., Kerry, K.R. & Marchant, H.J. (1985), Seasonally recurrent patch of Antarctic planktonic diatoms, Search 16: 48.

Rakusa-Suszczewski, S. & Nemoto, T. (1989), Ciliate associations on the body of krill (Euphausia superba Dana), Acta Protozool. 28: 77–86.

Rampi, L. (1951), Su alcune Peridinee nuove od interessanti raccolte nelle acque di San Remo, Acad. Ligur. Sci. Lett. Genova 8: 1–11, pl. 1–2.

Ramsfjell, E. (1959), Two new phytoplankton species from the Norwegian Sea, the diatom Coscinodiscus poroseriata, and the dinoflagellate Gonyaulax parva, Nytt Mag. Bot.           7: 175–177.

Rattray, J. (1890a), A revision of the genus Coscinodiscus Ehrb. and some allied genera, Proc. Roy. Soc. Edinburgh 16: 449–692.

Rattray, J. (1890b), A revision of the genus Actinocyclus Ehrb., J. Quekett Microscop. Club, ser. 2, 4: 137–212.

Reid, F. & Round, F.[E.] (1987), The Antarctic diatom Synedra reinboldii: taxonomy, ecology and transference to a new genus Trichotoxon, Diatom Res. 2: 219–227.

Reimann, B.E.F. & Lewin, J.C. (1964), The diatom genus Cylindrotheca Rabenhorst, J. Roy. Microscop. Soc. 83: 283–296.

Ricard, M. (1987), Atlas du Phytoplancton Marin. Vol. II: Diatomophycées. (Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Paris). 297 pp.

Richardson, M. & Whitaker, T. (1979), An Antarctic fast-ice food chain: observations on the interaction of the amphipod Pontogeneia antarctica Chevreux with associated micro-algae, Bull. Brit. Antarc. Surv. 47: 107–115.

Rines, J. & Hargraves, P. (1988), The Chaetoceros (Ehrenberg) (Bacillariophyceae) flora of Narragansett Bay, Rhode Island, U.S.A., Biblioth. Phycolog. 79: 1–196.

Ringuelet, R.A. (1953a), Protozoos Folliculínidos (“Ciliata heterotricha”) de la Antártida, Notas Mus. La Plata, Bot. 16: 195–204.

Ringuelet, R.A. (1953b), Protozoos Folliculínidos de la costa atlántica de la República Argentina, Revista Mus. La Plata, Secc. Bot. 6: 215–255.

Ringuelet, R.A. (1955), Protozoos Folliculínidos y esponjas perforantes. En consorcios con la ostra comestible Argentina (Ostrea puelchana d‘Orb.), Notas Mus. La Plata, Bot. 18: 175–190.

Ringuelet, R.A. (1957), Nuevos Folliculínidos Antárcticos, Notas Mus. La Plata, Bot. 19: 211–221.

Rivera, P.R. (1981), Beiträge zur Taxonomie und Verbreitung der Gattung Thalassiosira Cleve (Bacillariophyceae) in den Küstengewässern Chiles, Biblioth. Phycol. 56: 1–220; maps 221–229; pl. 221–271.

Roper, F.C.S. (1858), Notes on some new species and varieties of British marine diatomacae, Quart. J. Microscop. Sci. 6: 17–25.

Ross, R. & Sims, P.A. (1972), The fine structure of the frustule in centric diatoms: a suggested terminology, Brit. Phycol. J. 7: 139–163.

Roth, A.G. (1797–1806), Catalecta Botanica (quibus Plantae Novae et Minus Cognitae Describuntur atque Illustrantur. (Lipsiae). Fasc. 1, 244 pp., 8 pl. (1797); Fasc. 2, 258 pp., 9 pl. (1800); Fasc. 3, 350 pp., 12 pl. (1806).

Round, F.E., Crawford, R.M. & Mann, D.G. (1990), The Diatoms. Biology and Morphology of the Genera. (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge). 747 pp.

Rousseau, V., Vaulot, D., Casotti, R., Cariou, V., Lenz, J., Gunkel, J. & Baumann, M. (1994), The life cycle of Phaeocystis (Prymnesiophyceae): Evidence and hypotheses. In Lancelot, C. & Wassnann, P. (eds), Ecology of Phaeocystis-dominated Ecosystems. (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge). pp. 23–29.

Samtleben, C., Schafer, P., Andruleit, H., Baumann, A., Baumann, K.-H., Kohly, A., Matthiessen, J. & Schroder-Ritzrau, A. (‘Synapal’ Working Group) (1995), Plankton in the Norwegian-Greenland Sea: from living communities to sediment assemblages – an actualistic approach, Geol. Rundsch. 84: 108–136.

Sassi, R. & Melo, G.D.N. (1986), Tintinnina (Protozoa-Ciliophora-Oligotrichida) from the first Brazilian expedition to the Antarctic, Anais Acad. Brasil. Ci. (Suppl.) 58: 63–83.

Scagel, R. & Stein, J. (1961), Marine nanoplankton from a British Columbia fjord, Canad. J. Bot. 39: 1205–1213.

Scherffel, A. (1899), Phaeocystis globosa n. sp. (Vorlaufige Mitteilung), Ber. Deutsch. Bot. Ges. 17: 317–318.

Schewiakoff, W. (1893), Über die geographische Verbreitung der Süsswasser-Protozoen, Zap. Imp. Akad. Nauk, ser. 7, 41: 1–201.

Schiller, J. (1925a), Die planktonischen Vegetationen des adriatischen Meeres. A. Die Coccolithophoriden-Vegetation in den Jahren 1911–14, Arch. Protistenk. 51: 1–30.

Schiller, J. (1925b), Die planktonischen Vegetationen des adriatischen Meeres. B. Chrysomonadina, Cryptomonadina, Eugleninae, Volvocales. I. Systematischer Teil Heterokontae, Arch. Protistenk. 53: 59–123.

Schiller, J. (1926), Über Fortpflanzung, geisselose Gattungen und die Nomenklatur der Coccolithophoraceen nebst Mitteilung über Copulation bei Dinobryon, Arch. Protistenk. 53: 326–342.

Schiller, J. (1928), Die planktischen Vegetationen des adriatischen Meeres. C. Dinoflagellata. 1 Teil. Adiniferida, Dinophysidaceae. Systematischer Teil, Arch. Protistenk. 53: 59–123, pl. 3–6.

Schiller, J. (1933), Dinoflagellatae (Peridineae) in monographischer Behandlung. Teil 1, Rabenhorst’s Kryptogamen-Flora von Deutschland, Oesterreich und der Schweiz 10(3):   1–617.

Schiller, J. (1937), Dinoflagellatae (Peridineae) in Monographischer Behandlung. Vol. 2(4): 481–590 (Akademie Verlag, Leipzig).

Schmidt, A.W.F., continued by Schmidt, M., Fricke, F., Heiden, H., Müller, O. & Hustedt, H. (1874–1959), Atlas der Diatomaceen-Kunde. (O.R.Reisland, Leipzig).

Scholin, C., Miller, P., Buck, K.[R.], Chavez, F., Harris, P., Haydock, P., Howard, J. & Cangelosi, G. (1997), Detection and quantification of Pseudo-nitzschia australis in cultured and natural populations using LSU rRNA-targeted probes, Limnol. Oceanogr. 42: 1265–1272.

Schone, H.K. & Schone, A. (1982), A weakly enriched seawater medium for ecological studies on marine plankton algae, some examples of its application, Bot. Mar. 25: 117–122.

Schrader, H.-J. (1972), Thalassiosira partheneia, eine neue Gallertlager bildende zentrale Diatomee, “Meteor” Forsch.-Ergebn., Ser. D, 10: 58–64.

Schröder, O. (1906a), Die Infusorien der deutschen Südpolar-Expedition 1901–1903, Deutsch. Südpol.-Exped. 9: 351–360.

Schröder, O. (1906b), Beiträge zur Kenntnis des Phytoplanktons warmer Meere, Vierteljahrsschr. Naturf. Ges. Zürich 51: 319–377.

Schröder, O. (1911), Eine neue marine Suctorie (Tokophrya steueri nov. spec.) aus der Adria, Sitzungsber. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math.-Naturwiss. Kl. 120: 757–763.

Schröder, O. (1913), Die Tripyleen Radiolarien (Phaeodarien), Deutsch. Südpol.-Exped. 14: 113–215.

Schütt, F. (1892), Das Pflanzenleben der Hochsee, Ergebn. Plankton-Exped. Humboldt-Stiftung IA: 243–314.

Schütt, F. (1895), Die Peridineen der Plankton Expedition, Ergebn. Plankton-Exped. Humboldt-Stiftung IV(M.a. A.): 1–170, pl. 1–27.

Schütt, F. (1895–96), Arten Chaetoceros und Peragallia. Ein Beitrag zur Hochseeflora, Ber. Deutsch. Bot. Ges. 13: 35–48.

Seiburth, J.M. (1979), Sea Microbes. (Oxford University Press, New York). 491 pp.

Semina, G. (1981), A morphological examination of the diatom Thalassiothrix longissima Cleve et Grunow, Bacillaria 4: 147–160.

Semina, G. & Makarova, I. (1983), O morfologii rasprostranenii dvukh bipoliarnykh vidov roda Thalassiosira (Bacillariophyta), Bot. Zurn. 68: 611–618.

Semina, H.J. (1979), The geography of plankton diatoms of the Southern Ocean, Beih. Nova Hedwigia 64: 341–358.

Serrano, S., Sola, A., Guinea, A., Arregui, L. & Fernández-Galiano, D. (1992), Cytoskeleton of Euplotes focardii: morphology and morphogenesis, Canad. J. Zool. 70: 2088–2094.

Siemensma, F.J. (1991), Heliozoa. In Page, F.C. & Siemensma, F.J. (eds), Nackte Rhizopoda und Heliozoa. Protozoenfauna Band 2. (Gustav Fischer Verlag, Jena). pp. 171–297.

Silva, P.C. (1960), Remarks on algal nomenclature, Taxon 9: 18–25.

Silver, M., Mitchell, J. & Ringo, D. (1980), Siliceous nanoplankton. II. Newly discovered cysts and abundant choanoflagellates from the Weddell Sea, Antarctica, Mar. Biol. 58: 211–217.

Simonsen, R. (1972), Über die Diatomeengattung Hemidiscus Wallich und andere Angehörige der sogenannten “Hemidiscaceae”, Veröff. Inst. Meeresforsch. Bremerhaven 13: 265–273.

Simonsen, R. (1974), The diatom plankton of the Indian Ocean Expedition of RV “Meteor” 1964–1965, “Meteor” Forsch.-Ergebn., Ser. D, 19: 1–107.

Simonsen, R. (1975), On the pseudonodulus of centric diatoms, or Hemidiscaceae reconsidered, Beih. Nova Hedwigia 53: 83–94.

Simonsen, R. (1982), Notes on the genus Charcotia M. Peragallo, Bacillaria 5: 101–116.

Simonsen, R. (1987), Atlas and Catalogue of the Diatom Types of Friedrich Hustedt. (Cramer, Berlin and Stuttgart). Part 1, Catalogue, pp. 525; parts 2 & 3, Atlas, 772 pl.

Simonsen, R. (1992), The diatom types of Heindrich Heiden in Heiden & Kolbe 1928, Biblioth. Diatomol. 24: 1–100.

Skuja, H. (1939), Beitrag zur Algenflora Lettlands II, Acta Hort. Bot. Univ. Latviensis 11/12: 41–169.

Small, E.B. & Lynn, D.H. (1985), Phylum Ciliophora Doflein, 1901. In Lee, J.J., Hutner, S.H. & Bovee, E.C. (eds), An Illustrated Guide to the Protozoa. (Society of Protozoologists, Allen Press, Lawrence). pp. 393–575.

Smith, H.L. (1874–79), Species Diatomacearum Typicae Studiis H.L. Smith. (Diatomacearum species typicae). Collection of 750 exsiccata slides. (Geneca, New York).

Smith, W. (1853–56), A Synopsis of the British Diatomaceae. (John van Voorst, London). Vol. 1, 89 pp., pl. 1–31 (1853); Vol. 2, 107 pp., pl. 32–60; Supplementary pl. 61–62, pl. A–E (1856).

Song, W. (1990), Infraciliature and silverline system of the ciliate Pseudotrachelocerca trepida (Kahl, 1928), nov. gen., nov. comb., and establishment of a new family, the Pseudotrachelocercidae nov. fam. (Ciliophora, Haptoria), Eur. J. Protistol. 26: 160–166.

Song, W. (1993), Studies on the morphology and systematic status of Loxophyllum rostratum Cohn, 1866 (Ciliophora, Pleurostomatida), J. Oceanogr. Huanghai Bohai Seas 11: 44–49.

Song, W. (2000), Morphological and taxonomical studies on some marine scuticociliates from China Sea, with description of two new species, Philasterides armatalis sp. n. and Cyclidium varibonneti sp. n. (Protozoa: Ciliophora: Scuticociliatida), Acta Protozool. 39: 295–322.

Song, W. & Bradbury, P.C. (1998), Studies on some new and rare reported marine planktonic ciliates (Ciliophora: Oligotrichia) from coastal waters in north China, J. Mar. Biol. Assoc. U.K. 78: 767–794.

Song, W. & Packroff, G. (1997), Taxonomische Untersuchungen an marinen Ciliaten aus China mit Beschreibungen von zwei neuen Arten, Strombidium globosaneum nov. spec. und S. platum nov. spec. (Protozoa, Ciliophora), Arch. Protistenk. 147: 331–360.

Song, W. & Wilbert, N. (2000a), Ciliates from Antarctic sea ice, Polar Biol. 23: 212–222.

Song, W. & Wilbert, N. (2000b), Redefinition and redescription of some marine scuticociliates from China, with report of a new species, Metanophrys sinensis nov. spec. (Ciliophora, Scuticociliatida), Zool. Anz. 239: 45–74.

Song, W. & Wilbert, N. (2002), Faunistic studies on marine ciliates from the Antarctic benthic area, including descriptions of one epizoic form, 6 new species and, 2 new genera (Protozoa: Ciliophora), Acta Protozool. 41: 23–61.

Song, W. & Xu, K. (1999), Morphological studies on tintinnine ciliates (Ciliophora, Tintinnina) from the Weddell Sea, Antarctica, Chinese J. Polar Res. 11: 34–38.

Song, W., Wang, M. & Warren, A. (2000), Redescriptions of three marine ciliates, Strombidium elegans Florentin, 1901, Strombidium sulcatum Claparède & Lachmann, 1859, and Heterostrombidium paracalkinsi Lei, Xu & Song, 1999 (Ciliophora, Oligotrichida), Eur. J. Protistol. 36: 327–342.

Sorokin, Y.I. (1999), Aquatic Microbial Ecology. (Backhuys, Leiden). 248 pp.

Sournia, A. (1967), Contribution à la connaissance des Péridiniens microplanctoniques du canal de Mozambique, Bull. Mus. Natn Hist. Nat. Paris, sér. 2, 39: 417–438.

Sournia, A. (1986), Atlas du Phytoplancton Marin. Vol. I: Cyanophycées, Dictyophycées, Dinophycées, Raphidophycées. (Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Paris). 219 pp.

Sournia, A., Grall, J.-R. & Jacques, G. (1979), Planktonic diatoms and dinoflagellates along a meridian transect in the Southern Indian Ocean (Campagne ‘Antiprod I.’ du Marion-Dufresne, Mars 1977), Bot. Mar. 22: 183–198.

Souto, S. & Jankilevich, S.S. (1981), Clasificación de Tintinnina. Distribución de las especies en el Atlántico sudoccidental. In Boltovskoy, D. (ed.), Atlas del Zooplancton del Atlántico Sudoccidental y Métodos de Trabajo con el Zooplancton Marino. (INIDEP, Mar del Plata). pp. 359–381.

Spiegel, A. (1926), Einige neue marine Ciliaten, Arch. Protistenk. 55: 184–190.

Spurr, A.R. (1969), A low viscosity epoxy resin embedding medium for electron microscopy, J. Ultrastruct. Res. 26: 31–43.

Stankovic, A., Borsuk, P., Koper, M. & Weglenski, P. (2002), Studies on Ephelota sp., an epizoic suctorian found on Antarctic krill, Polar Biol. 25: 827–832.

Steeman Neilsen, E. (1935), The production of phytoplankton at the Faroe Isles, Iceland, East Greenland and in the waters around, Meddel. Komm. Havundersøg., Ser. Plankton 3: 1–93.

Steidinger, K.A. & Tangen, K. (1997), Dinoflagellates. In Tomas, C.R. (ed.), Identifying Marine Diatoms and Dinoflagellates. (Academic Press, San Diego). pp. 387–589.

Stein, F. (1859a), Der Organismus der Infusionsthiere nach eigenen Forschungen in systematischer Reihenfolge bearbeitet. 1. Abtheilung. Allgemeiner Theil und Naturgeschichte der hypotrichen Infusionsthiere. (W.Engelmann, Leipzig). 206 pp.

Stein, F. (1859b), Über die während der verflossenen Sommerferien in der Ostsee bei Wismar beobachteten Infusionsformen, unter denen sich mehrere neue Gattungen befanden, Abh. K. Bohm. Ges. Wiss., Math. Naturwiss. Cl. 10: 62–63.

Stein, F. (1867), Der Organismus der Infusionsthiere nach eigenen Forschungen in systematischer Reihenfolge bearbeitet. II. Abt. 1) Darstellung der neuesten Forschungs-ergebnisse über Bau, Fortpflanzung und Entwicklung der Infusionsthiere. 2) Natur-geschichte der heterotrichen Infusorien. (W.Engelmann, Leipzig). 355 pp.

Stein, F. (1883), Der Organismus der Infusionstiere, III, pt. 2. Die Naturgeschichte der Arthrodelen Flagellaten. (W.Engelmann, Leipzig). pp. 1–30, 25 pl.

Stoecker, D.K., Buck, K.R. & Putt, M. (1992), Changes in the sea-ice brine community during the spring-summer transition, McMurdo Sound, Antarctica. I. Photosynthetic protists, Mar. Ecol. Progr. Ser. 84: 265–278.

Stoecker, D.K., Buck, K.R. & Putt, M. (1993), Changes in the sea-ice brine community during the spring-summer transition, McMurdo Sound, Antarctica. II. Phagotrophic protists, Mar. Ecol. Progr. Ser. 95: 103–113.

Stoecker, D.K., Putt, M. & Moisan, T. (1995), Nano- and microplankton dynamics during the spring Phaeocystis sp. bloom in McMurdo Sound, Antarctica, J. Mar. Biol. Assoc. U.K. 75: 815–832.

Stoecker, D.[K.], Gustafson, D.E., Black, M.M.D. & Bailer, C.T. (1998), Population dynamics of microalgae in the upper land-fast sea ice at a snow-free location, J. Phycol. 34: 60–69.

Stoecker, D.[K.], Gustafson, D.E., Merrell, J.R., Black, M.M.D. & Bailer, C.T. (1997), Excystment and growth of chrysophytes and dinoflagellates at low temperatures and high salinities in Antarctic sea-ice, J. Phycol. 33: 585–595.

Stohr, E. (1880), Die Radiolarienfauna der Tripoli von Grotte (Provinz Girgenti in Sizilien), Palaeotographica 26: 71–124.

Stokes, A.C. (1885), Notes on some apparently undescribed forms of freshwater Infusoria. No. 2, Amer. J. Sci., ser. 3, 29: 313–328.

Strand, E. (1928), Miscellanea nomenclatorica zoologica et palaeontologica. I–II, Arch. Naturgesch. 92: 30–75.

Sudzuki, M. (1979), On the microfauna of the Antarctic region. III. Microbiota of the terrestrial interstices, Mem. Natl. Inst. Polar Res. 11: 104–126.

Sundström, B.G. (1986), The Marine Diatom Genus Rhizosolenia (A New Approach to Taxonomy). (Lund University, Lund). pp. 117.

Sushin, V.A., Samyshev, E.Z. & Gaydamak, A.I. (1986), The significance of infusoria in Antarctic plankton communities, Oceanology 26: 740–744.

Sym, S.D. & Pienaar, R. (1993), The Class Prasinophyceae. In Chapman, D.J. & Round, F.E. (eds), Progress in Phycological Research, Vol. 9. (Biopress, Bristol). pp. 281–376.

Syvertsen, E.E. (1977), Thalassiosira rotula and T. gravida: ecology and morphology, Beih. Nova Hedwigia 54: 99–112.

Syvertsen, E.E. (1979), Resting spore formation in clonal cultures of Thalassiosira antarctica Comber, T. nordenskioeldii Cleve and Detonula confervacea (Cleve) Gran, Beih. Nova Hedwigia 64: 41–63.

Syvertsen, E.E. (1985), Resting spore formation in the Antarctic diatoms Coscinodiscus furcatus Karsten and Thalassiosira australis Peragallo, Polar Biol. 4: 113–119.

Syvertsen, E.E. & Hasle, G.R. (1983), The diatom genus Eucampia: morphology and taxonomy, Bacillaria 6: 169–210.

Tai, L.-S. & Skogsberg, T. (1934), Studies on the Dinophysoidae, marine armoured dinoflagellates, of Monterey Bay, California, Arch. Protistenk. 82: 380–482, pl. 11–12.

Takahashi, E. (1981a), Loricate and scale bearing protists from Lützow-Holm Bay Antarctica. I. Species of the Acanthoicidae and the Centrohelia found at a site selected in the fast ice, Antarc. Rec. 73: 1–22.

Takahashi, E. (1981b), Floristic study of ice algae in the sea ice of a lagoon, Lake Saroma, Hokkaido, Mem. Natl. Inst. Polar Res. (Japan), Ser. E, 34: 49–56.

Takahashi, E. (1987), Loricate and scale-bearing protists from Lützow-Holm Bay, Antarctica II. Four marine species of Paraphysomonas (Chrysophyceae) including two new species from the fast ice covered area, Jap. J. Phycol. (Sorui) 35: 155–166.

Takahashi, E., Watanabe, K. & Satoh, H. (1986), Siliceous cysts from Kita-no-seto Strait, north of Syowa Station, Antarctica, Mem. Natl Inst. Polar Res., Special Issue 40: 84–95.

Tamar, H. (1992), Four marine species of Mesodinium (Ciliophora: Mesodiniidae). II. Meso-dinium pulex Clap. & Lachm., 1858, Arch. Protistenk. 141: 284–303.

Tangen, K. (1972), Papposphaera lepida gen. nov., n. sp., a new marine coccolithophorid from Norwegian coastal waters, Norweg. J. Bot. 19: 171–178.

Tanimura, Y. (1992), Distribution of diatoms species in the surface sediments of Lützow-Holm Bay, Antarctica. In Ishizaki, K. & Saito, T. (eds), Centenary of Japanese Micropaleontology. (Terra Scientific Publishing Company, Tokyo). pp. 399–411.

Tanimura, Y., Fukuchi, M., Watanabe, K. & Moriwaki, K. (1990), Diatoms in the water column and sea-ice in Lützow-Holm Bay, Antarctica, and their preservation in the underlying sediments, Bull. Natl Sci. Mus., Tokyo, Ser. C, 16: 15–39.

Taylor, C.V. (1928), Protoplasmic reorganization in Uronychia uncinata, n. sp., during binary fission and regeneration, Physiol. Zool. 1: 1–25.

Taylor, D.L. & Lee, C.C. (1971), A new cryptomonad from Antarctica: Cryptomonas cryophila sp. nov., Arch. Mikrobiol. 75: 269–280.

Taylor, F.J.R. (1979), The toxogenic gonyocaulad dinoflagellates. In Taylor, D.L. & Seliger, H.H. (eds), Toxic Dinoflagellate Blooms. (Elsevier-North Holland, New York). pp. 47–56.

Taylor, F.J.R. (ed.) (1987), The Biology of Dinoflagellates. (Blackwell Scientific Publishing, Oxford). 785 pp.

Taylor, F.J.R. (1999), Charles Atwood Kofoid and his dinoflagellate tabulation system: an appraisal and evaluation of the phylogenetic value of tabulation, Protist 150: 213–220.

Taylor, F.J.R. & Pollingher, U. (1987), Ecology of dinoflagellates. In Taylor, F.J.R. (ed.), The Biology of Dinoflagellates. (Blackwell Scientific Publishing, Oxford). pp. 399–529.

Taylor, F.J.R., Blackbourn, D.J. & Blackbourn, J. (1971), The red-water ciliate Mesodinium rubrum and its “incomplete symbionts”: a review including new ultrastructural observations, J. Fish. Res. Board Canada 28: 391–407.

Thierstein, H.A. & Young, J.R. (eds) (2004), Coccolithophores – From Molecular Processes to Global Impact. (Springer, Berlin). 565 pp.

Thomas, C.W. (1965), On populations in Antarctic meltwater pools, Pacific Sci. 19: 515–521.

Thomas, D.N. & Dieckmann, G.S. (eds.) (2003), Sea Ice – An Introduction to its Physics, Chemistry, Biology and Geology. (Blackwell Scientific Publishing, Oxford). 416 pp.

Thomas, D.P. & Bonham, P.I. (1990), Family Leptocylindraceae. In Medlin, L.K. & Priddle, J. (eds), Polar Marine Diatoms. (British Antarctic Survey, Cambridge). pp. 105–107.

Thomas, D.P. & Jiang, J. (1986), Epiphytic diatoms of the inshore marine area near Davis Station, Hydrobiologia 140: 193–198.

Thompson, G.A., Alder, V.A., Boltovskoy, D. & Brandini, F. (1999), Abundance and biogeography of tintinnids (Ciliophora) and associated microzooplankton in the southwestern Atlantic Ocean, J. Plankton Res. 21: 1265–1298.

Thompson, J.C. Jr (1965), Pseudocohnilembus longisetus, a hymenostome ciliate from Antarctica, Virginia J. Sci. 16: 165–169.

Thompson, J.C. Jr (1966), Pseudocohnilembus marinus n. sp., a hymenostome ciliate from the Virginia coast, J. Protozool. 13: 463–465.

Thompson, J.C. Jr (1967), Parauronema virginianum n. g., n. sp., a marine hymenostome ciliate, J. Protozool. 14: 731–734.

Thompson, J.C. Jr (1972), Ciliated protozoa of the Antarctic Peninsula. In Llano, G.A. (ed.), Antarctic Terrestrial Biology. (American Geophysical Union, Washington). Antarc. Res. Ser. 20: pp. 261–288.

Thompson, J.C. Jr & Croome, J.M. (1978), Systematics and ecology of ciliated protozoa from King George Island, South Shetland Islands. In Pawson, D.L. (ed.), Biology of the Antarctic Seas. (American Geophysical Union, Washington). Antarc. Res. Ser. 20: pp. 41–67.

Thompson, J.C. Jr & Kaneshiro, E.S. (1968), Redescription of Uronema filificum and U. elegans, J. Protozool. 15: 141–144.

Thomsen, H.A. (1973), Studies on marine choanoflagellates I. Silicified choanoflagellates of the Isefjord (Denmark), Ophelia 12: 1–26.

Thomsen, H.A. (1975), An ultrastructural survey of the chrysophycean genus Paraphyso-monas under natural conditions, Brit. Phycol. J. 10: 113–127.

Thomsen, H.A. (1976), Studies on marine choanoflagellates II. Fine structural observations on some silicified choanoflagellates from the Isefjord (Denmark), including the description of two new species, Norweg. J. Bot. 23: 33–51.

Thomsen, H.A. (1977), Studies on marine choanoflagellates III. An electron microscopical survey of the genus Acanthoecopsis, Arch. Protistenk. 119: 89–99.

Thomsen, H.A. (1978a), Nanoplankton from the Gulf of Elat (= Gulf of ‘Aqaba), with particular emphasis on choanoflagellates, Israel J. Zool. 27: 34–44.

Thomsen, H.A. (1978b), On the identity between the heliozoan Pinaciophora fluviatilis Greef 1875 sensu Penard 1904 and Potamodiscus kalbei Gerloff 1968; with the description of eight new Pinaciophora species, Protistologica 14: 359–373.

Thomsen, H.A. (1979), Electron microscopical observations on brackish-water nanno-plankton from the Tvärminne area, SW coast of Finland, Acta Bot. Fennica 110: 111–137.

Thomsen, H.A. (1980a), Turrisphaera polybotrys sp. nov. (Prymnesiophyceae) from West Greenland, J. Mar. Biol. Assoc. U.K. 60: 529–537.

Thomsen, H.A. (1980b), Two species of Trigonaspis gen. nov. (Prymnesiophyceae) from West Greenland, Phycologia 19: 218–229.

Thomsen, H.A. (1981), Identification by electron microscopy of nanoplanktonic coccolithophorids (Prymnesiophyceae) from West Greenland, including the description of Papposphaera sarion sp. nov., Brit. Phycol. J. 16: 77–94.

Thomsen, H.A. (1982), Planktonic choanoflagellates of the Disko Bugt, West Greenland, with a survey of the marine nanoplankton of the area, Meddel. Grønland. 8: 1–35.

Thomsen, H.A. (1988), An electron microscopical study of marine loricate choanoflagellates: Nannoeca minuta (Leadbeater) gen. et comb. nov. and Stephanoeca cupula (Leadbeater) comb. nov., Zool. Scr.17: 315–323.

Thomsen, H.A. & Boonruang, P. (1984), A light and electron microscopical investigation of loricate choanoflagellates (Choanoflagellida, Acanthoecidae) from the Andaman Sea, SW Thailand and Denmark: Species of Cosmoeca gen. nov., Zool. Scr. 13: 165–181.

Thomsen, H.A. & Ikävalko, J. (1997), Species of Thaumatomastix (Thaumatomastigidae, Protists incertae sedis) from the Arctic sea-ice biota (North-East Water Polynya, NE Greenland), J. Mar. Systems 10: 263–277.

Thomsen, H.A. & Larsen, J. (1990), Loricate choanoflagellates of the Southern Ocean with new observations on cell division in Bicosta spinifera (Throndsen 1970) from Antarctica and Saroeca attenuata (Thomsen 1979) from the Baltic Sea, Polar Biol. 12: 53–63.

Thomsen, H.A., Buck, K.[R.] & Chavez, F. (1991a), Choanoflagellates of the central California waters: taxonomy, morphology and species assemblages, Ophelia 33: 131–164.

Thomsen, H.A., Østergaard, J. & Hansen, L.E. (1991b), Heteromorphic life histories in Arctic coccolithophorids (Prymnesiophyceae), J. Phycol. 27: 634–642.

Thomsen, H.A., Buck, K.[R.], Bolt, P. & Garrison, D.L. (1991c), Fine structure and biology of Cryothecomonas gen. nov. (Protista incertae sedis) from the ice biota, Canad. J. Zool. 69: 1048–1070.

Thomsen, H.A., Buck, K.R., Coale, S.L., Garrison, D.L. & Gowing, M.M. (1988), Nanoplanktonic coccolithophorids (Prymnesiophyceae, Haptophyceae) from the Weddell Sea, Antarctica, Nordic J. Bot. 8: 419–436.

Thomsen, H.[A.], Buck, K.[R.], Coale, S.L., Garrison. D.L. & Gowing, M.M. (1990), Loricate choanoflagellates (Acanthoecidae, Choanoflagellida) from the Weddell Sea, Antarctica, Zool. Scr. 19: 367–387.

Thomsen, H.A., Kosman, C. & Ikävalko, J. (1995), Three new species of Thaumatomastix (Thaumatomastigidae, Protista incertae sedis) a ubiquitous genus from the Antarctic ice biota, Eur. J. Protistol. 13: 174–181.

Thomson, P.G., Wright, S.W., Bolch, C.J.S., Nichols, P.D., Skerratt, J.H., & McMinn, A. (2004), Antarctic distribution, pigment and lipid composition, and molecular identification of the brine dinoflagellate Polarella glacialis (Dinophyceae), J. Phycol. 40: 867–873.

Throndsen, J. (1969), Flagellates of Norwegian coastal waters, Nytt Mag. Bot. 16: 161–216.

Throndsen, J. (1970a), Marine planktonic Acanthoecaceans (Craspedophyceae) from Arctic waters, Nytt Mag. Bot. 17: 103–111.

Throndsen, J. (1970b), Salpingoeca spinifera sp. nov., a new planktonic species of the Craspedophyceae recorded in the Arctic, Brit. Phycol. J. 5: 87–89.

Throndsen, J. (1974), Planktonic choanoflagellates from north Atlantic waters, Sarsia 56: 95–122.

Throndsen, J. (1997), The planktonic marine flagellates. In Tomas, C.R. (ed.), Identifying Marine Diatoms and Dinoflagellates. (Academic Press, San Diego). pp. 591–730.

Tibbs, J.F. (1969), The Phaeodaria (Protozoa: Radiolaria) of the Antarctic Ocean. Ph.D. Dissertation, University of Southern California, Los Angeles.

Tibbs, J.F. & Tibbs, S.D. (1986), Further studies on the Phaeodaria (Protozoa: Radiolaria) of the Antarctic Seas, Biology of the Antarctic Seas XVI, Antarctic Research Series 41: 167–202.

Tobiesen, A. (1991), Growth rates of Heterophrys marina (Heliozoa) on Chrysochromulina polylepis (Prymnesiophyceae), Ophelia 33: 205–212.

Tomas, C.R. (ed.) (1997), Identifying Marine Phytoplankton. (Academic Press, San Diego). 858 pp.

Tong, S., Vørs, N. & Patterson, D.J. (1997), Heterotrophic flagellates, centrohelid heliozoan and filose amoebae from marine and freshwater sites in the Antarctic, Polar Biol. 18: 91–106.

Tuffrau, M. (1964), Le maintien des caractères spécifiques à travers le polymorphisme d‘Euplotes balteatus Dujardin, 1841, Archs Zool. Exp. Gén. 104: 143–151.

Tuffrau, M. (1974), Un nouvel Euplotidae: Cytharoides balechi, n. g., n. sp., Cilié hypotriche de l‘Antarctique, Protistologica 10: 311–317.

Tumantseva, N.I. (1989), Estimation on the grazing impact of ciliates on phytoplankton biomass in the Antarctic and Subantarctic waters of the Pacific Ocean, Okeanologia 29: 132–136.

Turner, S.M., Malin, G. & Liss, P.S. (1988), The seasonal variation of dimethylsulfide and dimethylsulfoniopropionate concentrations in nearshore waters, Limnol. Oceanog. 33: 364–375.

Tyrell, T. & Merico, A. (2004), Emiliania huxleyi: bloom observations and the conditions that induce them. In Thierstein, H.A. & Young, J.R. (eds). Coccolithophores – From Molecular Processes to Global Impact. (Springer, Berlin). pp. 75–98.

Vacelet, E. (1961), La faune infusorienne des “sables à amphioxus” des environs de Marseille, Bull. Inst. Océanogr. Monaco 58 (No. 1202): 1–12.

Valbonesi, A. (1996), Description of a new species of Aspidisca, Aspidisca terranovae sp. n., from Antarctica (Ciliophora, Hypotrichida), Ital. J. Zool. 63: 377–380.

Valbonesi, A. & Luporini, P. (1990a), A new species of Uronychia (Ciliophora, Hypotrichida) from Antarctica: Uronychia antarctica, Boll. Zool. 57: 365–367.

Valbonesi, A. & Luporini, P. (1990b), Description of two new species of Euplotes and Euplotes rariseta from Antarctica, Polar Biol. 11: 47–53.

Valbonesi, A. & Luporini, P. (1990c), A new marine species of Euplotes (Ciliophora, Hypotrichida) from Antarctica, Bull. Brit. Mus. Nat. Hist. (Zool.) 56: 57–61.

Valbonesi, A. & Luporini, P. (1993), Biology of Euplotes focardii, an Antarctic ciliate, Polar Biol. 13: 489–493.

Valbonesi, A. & Petz, W. (1998), Ciliate communities from Edmonson Point (Victoria Land, Antarctica): a brief account, Newslett. Ital. Biol. Res. Antarct. 2: 7–12.

van den Hoff, J. & Franzmann, P. (1986), A choanoflagellate in a hypersaline Antarctic lake, Polar Biol. 6: 71–73.

van den Hoff, J., Burton, H.R. & Vesk, M. (1989), An encystment stage bearing a new scale type of the Antarctic prasinophyte Pyramimonas gelidicola and its paleolimnological and taxonomic significance, J. Phycol. 25: 446–454.

Van der Spoel, S. (1986), Prepublication on variation in the lorica of Cymatocylis (Protozoa, Tintinnida, Ptychocylidae), Plankton Newslett. 4: 4–10.

Van der Spoel, S. (1987), Distephanus:Dictyocha ratios and seawater temperature (Cl. Mastigophorea, Order Silicoflagellida), Biol. Oceanogr. 4: 439–445.

Van der Spoel, S., Hallegraeff, G.[M.] & van Soest, R. (1973), Notes on variation of diatoms and silicoflagellates in the south Atlantic Ocean, Neth. J. Sea Res. 6: 518–541.

van Heurck, H.F. (1880–85), Synopsis des Diatomées de Belgique. Atlas, pl. 1–30 (1880); pl. 31–77 (1881); pl. 78–103 (1882); pl. 104–132 (1883); pl. A, B, C (1885). (Ducaju et Cie., Anvers). Table Alphabetique, (J.F.Dieltjens, Anvers), 120 pp. (1884). Texte (Brouwers & Co., Anvers), 235 pp.

van Heurck, H.F. (1896), A Treatise on the Diatomaceae. (Wheldon & Wesley, London). 558 pp., 35 pl.

van Heurck, H.F. (1909), Diatomées. In Expédition Antarctique Belge. Résultates du Voyage du S.Y. Belgica 1897–1899. (J.-E.Buschmann, Anvers). 129 pp., 13 pl.

van Valkenberg, S.D. & Norris, R. (1970), The growth and morphology of the silicoflagellate Dictyocha fibula Ehrenberg in culture, J. Phycol. 6: 48–54.

van Valkenberg, S.D. (1980), Silicoflagellates. In Cox, E.R. (ed.), Phytoflagellates. (Elsevier-North Holland, New York). pp. 335–350.

Vanhöffen, E. (1897), Die Fauna und Flora Grönlands. In Drygalski, E. von (ed.), Grönland-Expedition der Gesellschaft für Erdkunde zu Berlin, 1891–1893, Vol. 2. (Kühl, Berlin). pp. 1–383.

VanLandingham, S.L. (1967–79), Catalogue of Fossil and Recent Genera and Species of Diatoms and their Synonyms. (J.Cramer, Lehre). 8 volumes, 4654 pp.

Villareal, T.A. & Fryxell, G.A. (1983), The genus Antinocyclus (Bacillariophyceae): Frustule morphology of A. sagittulus sp. nov. and two related species, J. Phycol. 19: 452–466.

Villeneuve-Brachon, S. (1940), Recherches sur les Ciliés hétérotriches. Cinétome, argyrome, myonèmes. Formes nouvelles ou peu connues, Archs Zool. Exp. Gén. 82: 1–180.

Vincent, W.F. (1988), Microbial Ecosystems of Antarctica. (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge). 304 pp.

Von Stosch, H.A. (1985), Some marine diatoms from the Australian region, especially from Port Phillip Bay and tropical north-east Australia, Brunonia 8: 293–348.

Vørs, N. (1992), Heterotrophic amoebae, flagellates and heliozoans from the Tvärminne area, Gulf of Finland, in 1988–1990, Ophelia 36: 1–109.

Vørs, N. (1993a), Heterotrophic amoebae, flagellates and heliozoa from arctic marine waters (North West Territories, Canada and West Greenland), Polar Biol. 13: 113–126.

Vørs, N. (1993b), Marine heterotrophic amoebae, flagellates and heliozoa from Belize (Central America) and Tenerife (Canary Islands), with descriptions of new species, Luffisphaera bulbochaete n. sp., L. longihastis n. sp., L. turriformis n. sp. and Paulinella intermedia n. sp., J. Eukaryot. Microbiol. 40: 272–287.

Wailes, G.H. (1943), Protozoa, Ciliata et Suctoria, Canad. Pacific Fauna 1: 1–46.

Walker, T.D. & Marchant, H.J. (1989), Seasonal occurrence of chroococcoid cyanobacteria at an Antarctic coastal site, Polar Biol. 9: 193–193.

Wall, D. & Dale, B. (1968), Quaternary calcareous dinoflagellates (Calciodinellidae) and their natural affinities, J. Paleontol. 42: 1395–1408, pl. 172.

Wall, D., Guillard, B., Swift, E. & Watabe, N. (1970), Calcitic resting cysts in Preperidinium troichoideum (Stein) Lemmermann, an autotrophic marine dinoflagellate, Phycologia 9: 151–156.

Wallich, G.C. (1860), On the siliceous organisms found in the digestive cavities of the Salpae, and their relation to the flint nodules of the Chalk Formation, Trans. Microscop. Soc. London, n. ser., 8: 36–55, pl. 32.

Wallich, G.C. (1877), Observations on the coccosphere, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 4, 19: 342–350.

Walne, P.L., Moestrup, O., Norris, R.E. & Ettl, H. (1986), Light and electron microscopical studies of Eutreeptiella eupharyngea sp. nov. (Euglenophyceae) from Danish and American waters, Phycologia 25: 109–126.

Wang, C.C. (1934), Notes on the marine infusoria of Amoy, Rep. Mar. Biol. Assoc. China 3: 50–70.

Warren, A. & Paynter, J. (1991), A revision of Cothurnia (Ciliophora: Peritrichida) and its morphological relatives, Bull. Brit. Mus. Nat. Hist. (Zool.) 57: 17–59.

Wasik, A. (1998), Antarctic tintinnids: their ecology, morphology, ultrastructure and polymorphism, Acta Protozool. 37: 5–15.

Wasik, A. & Mikolajczyk, E. (1990), Tintinnids near pack-ice between South Shetland and the South Orkney Islands (26 Dec. 1988–18 Jan. 1989), Acta Protozool. 29: 229–244.

Wasik, A. & Mikolajczyk, E. (1992), The morphology and ultrastructure of the Antarctic ciliate, Cymatocylis convallaria (Tintinnina), Acta Protozool. 31: 233–239.

Wasik, A. & Mikolajczyk, E. (1994a), Annual cycle of tintinnids in Admirality Bay with an emphasis on seasonal variability in Cymatocylis affinis/convallaria lorica morphology, J. Plankton Res. 16: 1–8.

Wasik, A. & Mikolajczyk, E. (1994b), Infraciliature of Cymatocylis affinis/convallaria (Tininnina), Acta Protozool. 33: 79–85.

Watanabe, K. (1982), Centric diatom communities found in the Antarctic sea ice, Antarc. Rec. 74: 119–126.

Watanabe, K., Satoh, H. & Hoshiai, T. (1990), Seasonal variation in the ice algal assemblages in the fast ice near Syowa Station in 1983/84. In Kerry, K.R. & Hempel, G. (eds), Antarctic Ecosystems. Ecological Change and Conservation. (Springer-Verlag, Berlin & Heidelberg). pp. 136–142.

Waterbury, J., Watson, S., Guillard, R. & Brand, L. (1979), Widespread occurrence of a unicellular marine planktonic cyanobacterium, Antarc. Rec. 227: 293–294.

Waters, R.L., van den Enden, R. & Marchant, H.J. (2000), Summer microbial ecology off East Antarctica (80–150°E): Protistan community structure and bacterial abundance, Deep-Sea Res., Part II, 47: 2401–2435.

Watkins, T.P. & Fryxell, G.A. (1986), Generic characterization of Actinocyclus: Consider-ation in the light of three new species, Diatom Res. 1: 291–312.

Wells, P.E. & Connell, R. (1997), Movement of hydrological fronts and widespread erosional events in the southwestern Tasman Sea during the Late Quaternary, Austral. J. Earth Sci. 44: 105–112.

West, W. & West, G.S. (1911), Freshwater algae, Brit. Antarc. Exped. 1907–1909, 1, Biol., 7: 278–288.

Westbrok, P., van Hinte, J.E., Brummer, G.J., Veldhuis, M., Brownlee, C., Green, J.C., Harris, R. & Heimdal, B.R. (1994), Emiliania huxleyi as a key to biosphere-geosphere interactions. In Green, J.C. & Leadbeater, B.S.C. (eds), The Haptophyte Algae. (The Systematics Association Special Volume No. 51, Clarendon Press, Oxford). pp. 321–334.

Whitaker, T.M. & Richardson, M.G. (1980), Morphology and chemical composition of a natural population of an ice-associated Antarctic diatom Navicula glaciei, J. Phycol. 16: 250–257.

Wilbert, N. (1975), Eine verbesserte Technik der Protargolimprägnation für Ciliaten, Mikrokosmos 64: 171–179.

Wilbert, N. & Kahan, D. (1981), Ciliates of Solar Lake in the Red Sea shore, Arch. Protistenk. 124: 70–95.

Williams, D.M. & Round, F.E. (1987), Revision of the genus Fragilaria, Diatom Res. 2: 167–188.

Williams, R., McCall, H., Pierce, R.W. & Turner, J.T. (1994), Speciation of the tintinnid genus Cymatocylis by morphometric analysis of the lorica, Mar. Ecol. Progr. Ser. 107: 263–272.

Wimpenny, R.S. (1946), The size of diatoms II. Further observations on Rhizosolenia styliformis (Brightwell), J. Mar. Biol. Assoc. U.K. 26: 271–284.

Winter, A. & Siesser, W.G. (eds) (1994), Coccolithophores. (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge). 242 pp.

Winter, A., Jordan, R.W. & Roth, P.H. (1994), Biogeography of living coccolithophores in ocean waters. In Winter, A. & Siesser, W.G. (eds), Coccolithophores. (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge). pp. 161–178.

Winter, A., Reiss, A. & Luz, B. (1979), Distribution of living coccolithophore assemblages in the Gulf of Elat (‘Aqaba), Mar. Micropaleontol. 4: 197–223.

Winter, A., Elbrächter, M. & Krause, G. (1999), Subtropical coccolithophores in the Weddell Sea, Deep-Sea Res., Part I, 46: 439–449.

Woloszyńska, J. & Conrad, W. (1939), Pyrodinium phoneus n. sp. Agent de la toxicité des moules du canal maritime de Bruges à Zeebruge, Bull. Mus. Roy. Hist. Nat. Belgique 15: 1–5.

Wood, E.J.F. (1954), Dinoflagellates in the Australian region. II, Austral. J. Freshw. Res. 5: 171–351.

Wood, E.J.F. (1960), Antarctic phytoplankton studies, Proc. Linn. Soc. New South Wales 85: 215–229.

Wright, S.W. & Jeffrey, S.W. (1987), Fucoxanthin pigment markers of marine phytoplankton analysed by HPLC and HPTLC, Mar. Ecol. Progr. Ser. 38: 259–266.

Wu, I.C.H. & Curds, C.R. (1979), A guide to the species of the genus Aspidisca, Bull. Brit. Mus. Nat. Hist. (Zool.) 36: 1–34.

Wujek, D.E. (1983), A new fresh-water species of Paraphysomonas (Chrysophyceae, Mallomonadaceae), Trans. Amer. Microscop. Soc. 102: 165–168.

Wujek, D.E. & van der Veer, J. (1976), Scaled chrysophytes from The Netherlands including a description of a new variety, Acta Bot. Neerl. 25: 179–190.

Wulff, A. (1919), über das Kleinplankton der Barentssee, Wiss. Meeresuntersuch. Abt. Helgoland 13: 96–125.

Yoo, K.-I. & Kim, Y.-O. (1990), Taxonomical studies on tintinnids (Protozoa: Ciliata) in Korean coastal waters. 2. Yongil Bay, Korean J. Syst. Zool. 6: 87–122.

Young, D.B. (1922), A contribution to the morphology and physiology of the genus Uronychia, J. Exper. Zool. 36: 353–395.

Young, J.R. & Bown, P.R. (1997), Cenozoic calcareous nannoplankton classification, J. Nannoplankton Res. 19: 36–47.

Young, J.R. & Westbroek, P. (1991), Genotypic variation in the coccolithophorid species Emiliania huxleyi, Mar. Micropaleontol. 18: 5–23.

Young, J.R., Bergen, J.A., Bown, P.R., Burnett, J.A., Fiorentino, A., Jordan, R.W., Kleijne, A., van Niel, B.E., Ton Romein, A.J. & von Salis, K. (1997), Guidelines for coccolith and calcareous nannofossil terminology, Palaeontology 40: 875–912.

Young, J.R., Geissen, M., Cros, L., Kleijne, A., Sprengel, C., Probert, I. & Østergaard, J.B. (2003), A guide to extant coccolithophore taxonomy, J. Nannoplankton Res., Special Issue 1: 1–125.

Zacharias, O. (1905), Rhizosolenia curvata mihi, eine neue Planktondiatomee, Arch. Hydrobiol. 1: 120–121.

Zielinski, U. & Gersonde, R. (1997), Diatom distribution in Southern Ocean surface sediments (Atlantic sector): Implications for palaeoenvironmental reconstructions, Palaeogr. Palaeoclim. Palaeoecol. 129: 213–250.